Climate change exerts a profound impact on lakes, eliciting responses that range from gradual to abrupt transitions. When reaching critical tipping points, the established lake dynamics stand to undergo substantial modifications, setting off a chain reaction that reverberates through the entire ecosystem. This lake shift ripples into related ecosystem services and even influences the well‐being of human communities. Despite the importance of lake shifts, we lack a systematic overview of their occurrence, mainly due to the lack of systematic data at the global scale. We reviewed the literature focusing on climate‐related lake shifts and assessed how satellite Earth Observation (EO) has contributed to the research topic, and what we can unlock from this novel data. Our results show that EO data are used in only 9% of studies on lake shifts, although this fraction has increased since 2012. EO data is most commonly used to assess shifts in surface extent, ice coverage, or phytoplankton phenology. These variables are directly observable and the spatio‐temporal resolution of EO satellites is of great advantage. But lake shifts can also be identified indirectly from EO data, as in the example of the vertical mixing of lake water, which can be described on the basis of surface patterns. In all possible applications, we expect increasing use of EO satellites in the future, including the development of early warning systems that promise to provide timely alerts regarding impending lake shifts, thus serving as a vanguard against abrupt alterations that could ripple through interconnected ecosystem services.

中文翻译：

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检测湖泊中与气候相关的变化：卫星地球观测使用回顾

气候变化对湖泊产生深远的影响，引发从逐渐转变到突然转变的反应。当达到临界点时，既定的湖泊动态将发生重大变化，引发连锁反应，波及整个生态系统。这种湖水转移会波及相关的生态系统服务，甚至影响人类社区的福祉。尽管湖泊变化很重要，但我们缺乏对其发生的系统概述，这主要是由于缺乏全球范围内的系统数据。我们回顾了关注与气候相关的湖泊变化的文献，并评估了卫星地球观测（EO）如何为该研究课题做出贡献，以及我们可以从这些新数据中解锁什么。我们的结果表明，只有 9% 的湖泊变化研究使用了 EO 数据，尽管这一比例自 2012 年以来有所增加。EO 数据最常用于评估地表范围、冰盖或浮游植物物候的变化。这些变量是直接可观测的，EO卫星的时空分辨率具有很大的优势。但湖泊变化也可以从 EO 数据中间接识别，例如湖水垂直混合，可以根据表面模式进行描述。在所有可能的应用中，我们预计未来将增加对地球观测卫星的使用，包括开发早期预警系统，该系统有望就即将发生的湖泊变化及时发出警报，从而成为防止可能波及相互关联的生态系统服务的突然变化的先锋。