Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is an emerging cooling technique of a sunshine-exposed terrestrial surface by dissipating excessive heat into the deep-cold outer space. It is a passive technique without fuel consumption and paves a promising way to overcome the issues of energy shortage and environmental pollution at the global scale. In the contemporary era, highly developed nanophotonic engineering allows spectrally precise emissivity/reflectivity of a thermal surface, significantly improving a PDRC structure's cooling power. Furthermore, scalable manufacturing techniques have also been successfully developed for PDRC material preparation at affordable costs, promoting their practical implementations. However, a comprehensive review of PDRC materials for real-world applications is still lacking. This work begins with the fundamentals of PDRC, continues with the power enhancement and scaling up process of PDRC materials, boosts with the advances of three typical types of scalable PDRC materials, including films, textiles, and bulk materials, and ends with an outlook that addresses the limitations and challenges on PDRC materials for extensive real-world applications. This review can help scientists and engineers carry forward the design and implementation of PDRC materials, promote the mitigation of global issues such as scorching and water shortage, and make the planet healthier and more comfortable.

中文翻译：

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被动日间辐射冷却材料的实际应用

被动日间辐射冷却（PDRC）是一种新兴的暴露于阳光下的地面冷却技术，通过将多余的热量散发到深冷的外层空间。这是一种无燃料消耗的被动技术，为解决全球范围内的能源短缺和环境污染问题开辟了一条有前途的道路。在当代，高度发达的纳米光子工程可以实现热表面的光谱精确发射率/反射率，从而显着提高 PDRC 结构的冷却能力。此外，还成功开发了可扩展的制造技术，用于以可承受的成本制备 PDRC 材料，促进了其实际实施。然而，仍然缺乏对 PDRC 材料在实际应用中的全面审查。这项工作从 PDRC 的基本原理开始，继续讨论 PDRC 材料的功率增强和规模化过程，以三种典型类型的可扩展 PDRC 材料（包括薄膜、纺织品和散装材料）的进步为推动力，最后展望：解决了 PDRC 材料在实际应用中的局限性和挑战。此次评审可以帮助科学家和工程师推进PDRC材料的设计和实施，促进缓解炎热和缺水等全球性问题，让地球更健康、更舒适。