The lunar orbiter laser altimeter (LOLA) onboard the lunar reconnaissance orbiter has performed high-precision, full-coverage, and high-density laser ranging observations for the entire lunar surface since its launch. Statistics have shown that LOLA has collected 6.94 billion effective altimeter data up to June 2022. Most of the typical orbits in the LOLA dataset have a high quality and exhibit horizontal offsets of almost 7 m and radial offsets of almost 0.5 m. However, there is still a category of orbits in the dataset that will cause apparent noise in the constructed DEM, which is attributed to the orbits with large or anomalous errors. We call such orbits as flawed orbits in this paper. The flawed orbits can be identified and screened by the elevation discrepancy at the crossovers of the orbits. The results show that the flawed orbits are caused by significant along-track errors, which also result in the radial error of up to several kilometers. Moreover, most of the flawed orbits are concentrated in several consecutive time intervals. A correction method is then proposed to correct the flawed orbits in the local region. The position of the flawed orbits is reconstructed using the feature points matching of the DEMs before and after they are removed. Some experimental analyzes show that the apparent terrain artifacts have been eliminated and more identifiable terrain details are reappeared. Identifying and correcting these flawed orbits with significant along-track offsets paves the way for improving the quality of the LOLA data and reconstructing the topography of the Moon.

月球勘测轨道飞行器搭载的绕月激光测高仪（LOLA）自发射以来，对整个月球表面进行了高精度、全覆盖、高密度的激光测距观测。据统计，截至2022年6月，LOLA已收集了69.4亿条有效高度计数据。LOLA数据集中的大多数典型轨道质量较高，水平偏移近7 m，径向偏移近0.5 m。然而，数据集中仍有一类轨道会在构建的 DEM 中造成明显的噪声，这归因于轨道误差较大或异常。在本文中，我们将此类轨道称为有缺陷的轨道。可以通过轨道交叉处的高程差异来识别和筛选有缺陷的轨道。结果表明，缺陷轨道是由显着的沿轨误差造成的，这也导致了高达数千米的径向误差。而且，大多数有缺陷的轨道都集中在几个连续的时间间隔内。然后提出一种修正方法来修正局部区域的有缺陷的轨道。利用缺陷轨道去除前后 DEM 的特征点匹配来重建缺陷轨道的位置。一些实验分析表明，明显的地形伪影已被消除，并且重新出现了更多可识别的地形细节。识别并纠正这些具有显着沿轨偏移的有缺陷的轨道，为提高 LOLA 数据的质量和重建月球地形铺平了道路。