With the explosion of digital world, the dramatically increasing data volume is expected to reach 175 ZB (1 ZB = 10¹² GB) in 2025. Storing such huge global data would consume tons of resources. Fortunately, it has been found that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule is the most compact and durable information storage medium in the world so far. Its high coding density and long-term preservation properties make itself one of the best data storage carriers for the future. High-throughput DNA synthesis is a key technology for “DNA data storage”, which encodes binary data stream (0/1) into quaternary long DNA sequences consisting of four bases (A/G/C/T). In this review, the workflow of DNA data storage and the basic methods of artificial DNA synthesis technology are outlined first. Then, the technical characteristics of different synthesis methods and the state-of-the-art of representative commercial companies, with a primary focus on silicon chip microarray-based synthesis and novel enzymatic DNA synthesis are presented. Finally, the recent status of DNA storage and new opportunities for future development in the field of high-throughput, large-scale DNA synthesis technology are summarized.

中文翻译：

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用于数据存储的高通量 DNA 合成

随着数字世界的爆炸式增长，数据量急剧增加，预计到2025年将达到175 ZB（1 ZB = 10 ¹² GB）。存储如此庞大的全球数据将消耗大量资源。幸运的是，人们发现脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）分子是迄今为止世界上最紧凑、最耐用的信息存储介质。其高编码密度和长期保存特性使其成为未来最好的数据存储载体之一。高通量DNA合成是“DNA数据存储”的关键技术，它将二进制数据流（0/1）编码成由四个碱基（A/G/C/T）组成的四元长DNA序列。本文首先概述了DNA数据存储的工作流程和人工DNA合成技术的基本方法。然后，介绍了不同合成方法的技术特点和代表性商业公司的最新技术，主要关注基于硅芯片微阵列的合成和新型酶法 DNA 合成。最后，总结了DNA存储的最新现状以及高通量、大规模DNA合成技术领域未来发展的新机遇。