ImportanceThis review aims to assess the benefits and risks of implementing large language model (LLM) solutions in an academic surgical setting.ObservationsThe integration of LLMs and artificial intelligence (AI) into surgical practice has generated international attention with the emergence of OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Bard. From an administrative standpoint, LLMs have the potential to revolutionize academic practices by reducing administrative burdens and improving efficiency. LLMs have the potential to facilitate surgical research by increasing writing efficiency, building predictive models, and aiding in large dataset analysis. From a clinical standpoint, LLMs can enhance efficiency by triaging patient concerns and generating automated responses. However, challenges exist, such as the need for improved LLM generalization performance, validating content, and addressing ethical concerns. In addition, patient privacy, potential bias in training, and legal responsibility are important considerations that require attention. Research and precautionary measures are necessary to ensure safe and unbiased use of LLMs in surgery.Conclusions and RelevanceAlthough limitations exist, LLMs hold promise for enhancing surgical efficiency while still prioritizing patient care. The authors recommend that the academic surgical community further investigate the potential applications of LLMs while being cautious about potential harms.

中文翻译：

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大语言模型时代的学术手术

重要性本综述旨在评估在学术外科环境中实施大语言模型 (LLM) 解决方案的好处和风险。观察随着 OpenAI 的 ChatGPT 和 Google 的 Bard 的出现，LLM 和人工智能 (AI) 融入外科实践引起了国际关注。从行政角度来看，法学硕士有潜力通过减轻行政负担和提高效率来彻底改变学术实践。法学硕士有潜力通过提高写作效率、建立预测模型和协助大型数据集分析来促进外科研究。从临床角度来看，法学硕士可以通过分类患者问题并生成自动响应来提高效率。然而，挑战仍然存在，例如需要提高法学硕士泛化性能、验证内容和解决道德问题。此外，患者隐私、培训中潜在的偏见以及法律责任也是需要关注的重要考虑因素。为了确保在手术中安全和公正地使用法学硕士，有必要采取研究和预防措施。结论和相关性尽管存在局限性，但法学硕士有望提高手术效率，同时仍然优先考虑患者护理。作者建议外科学术界进一步研究法学硕士的潜在应用，同时对潜在危害保持谨慎。