ImportanceThe period from childhood to early adulthood involves increased susceptibility to the onset of mental disorders, with implications for policy making that may be better appreciated by disaggregated analyses of narrow age groups.ObjectiveTo estimate the global prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) associated with mental disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs) across 4 age groups using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData from the 2019 GBD study were used for analysis of mental disorders and SUDs. Results were stratified by age group (age 5 to 9, 10 to 14, 15 to 19, and 20 to 24 years) and sex. Data for the 2019 GBD study were collected up to 2018, and data were analyzed for this article from April 2022 to September 2023.ExposureAge 5 to 9 years, 10 to 14 years, 15 to 19 years, and 20 to 24 years.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence rates with 95% uncertainty intervals (95% UIs) and number of YLDs.ResultsGlobally in 2019, 293 million of 2516 million individuals aged 5 to 24 years had at least 1 mental disorder, and 31 million had an SUD. The mean prevalence was 11.63% for mental disorders and 1.22% for SUDs. For the narrower age groups, the prevalence of mental disorders was 6.80% (95% UI, 5.58-8.03) for those aged 5 to 9 years, 12.40% (95% UI, 10.62-14.59) for those aged 10 to 14 years, 13.96% (95% UI, 12.36-15.78) for those aged 15 to 19 years, and 13.63% (95% UI, 11.90-15.53) for those aged 20 to 24 years. The prevalence of each individual disorder also varied by age groups; sex-specific patterns varied to some extent by age. Mental disorders accounted for 31.14 million of 153.59 million YLDs (20.27% of YLDs from all causes). SUDs accounted for 4.30 million YLDs (2.80% of YLDs from all causes). Over the entire life course, 24.85% of all YLDs attributable to mental disorders were recorded before age 25 years.Conclusions and RelevanceAn analytical framework that relies on stratified age groups should be adopted for examination of mental disorders and SUDs from childhood to early adulthood. Given the implications of the early onset and lifetime burden of mental disorders and SUDs, age-disaggregated data are essential for the understanding of vulnerability and effective prevention and intervention initiatives.

中文翻译：

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全球儿童和青少年时期精神疾病的患病率和残疾情况

重要性：从儿童期到成年早期，精神障碍发病的易感性增加，对政策制定的影响可以通过对狭窄年龄组的分类分析得到更好的理解。 目的估计与精神障碍相关的全球患病率和残疾寿命（YLD）使用 2019 年全球疾病负担 (GBD) 研究的数据，对 4 个年龄组的精神障碍和物质使用障碍 (SUD) 进行了分析。2019 年 GBD 研究的设计、设置和参与者数据用于分析精神障碍和 SUD。结果按年龄组（5 至 9 岁、10 至 14 岁、15 至 19 岁和 20 至 24 岁）和性别进行分层。2019 年 GBD 研究的数据收集至 2018 年，本文的数据分析时间为 2022 年 4 月至 2023 年 9 月。暴露年龄：5 至 9 岁、10 至 14 岁、15 至 19 岁和 20 至 24 岁。 主要成果和测量95%不确定区间的患病率（95% UI）和YLD数量。结果2019年，全球25.16亿年龄在5至24岁的个人中，有2.93亿人至少患有一种精神障碍，其中3100万人患有SUD。精神障碍的平均患病率为 11.63%，SUD 的平均患病率为 1.22%。对于较小的年龄组，5至9岁的精神障碍患病率为6.80％（95％UI，5.58-8.03），10至14岁的精神障碍患病率为12.40％（95％UI，10.62-14.59）， 15至19岁的人群为13.96%（95% UI，12.36-15.78），20至24岁的人群为13.63%（95% UI，11.90-15.53）。每种疾病的患病率也因年龄组而异；性别特异性模式因年龄而有所不同。1.5359 亿个 YLD 中，精神障碍占 3114 万（占所有原因 YLD 的 20.27%）。SUD 占 430 万个 YLD（所有原因导致的 YLD 的 2.80%）。在整个生命过程中，24.85%的可归因于精神障碍的YLD是在25岁之前记录的。结论和相关性应采用依赖于分层年龄组的分析框架来检查从儿童到成年早期的精神障碍和SUD。鉴于精神障碍和 SUD 的早期发病和终生负担的影响，按年龄分类的数据对于了解脆弱性以及有效的预防和干预举措至关重要。