Background/aims To propose an approach to determine the target ratio of cataract surgical rates (CSRs) of female to male subpopulations to increase sex parity in cataract surgical coverage (CSC), based on the sex gap in cataract burden and incidence, and demonstrate its application to Theni district, India. Methods A population-based longitudinal study between January 2016 and April 2018. We recruited 24 327 participants using random cluster sampling. We conducted detailed eye examinations of 7087 participants aged ≥40 years (4098 females, 2989 males). We fit exponential models to the age-specific and sex-specific cataract burden and estimated annual incidence rates. We developed a spreadsheet-based planning tool to compute the target CSR ratio of female to male subpopulations. Results Among those aged ≥40 years, cataract burden was 21.4% for females and 17.5% for males (p<0.05). CSC was 73.9% for females versus 78.6% for males (p<0.05), with an effective CSC of 52.6% for females versus 57.6% for males (p<0.05). Treating only incident cataracts each year requires a target CSR ratio of female to male subpopulations of 1.30, while addressing in addition 10% of the coverage backlog for females and 5% for males requires a target CSR ratio of 1.48. Conclusions The female population in Theni district, as in many low-income and middle-income countries, bears a higher cataract burden and lower CSC. To enhance sex parity in coverage, both the higher number of annual incident cataracts and the larger backlog in females will need to be addressed. Data are available upon reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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印度泰尼地区白内障手术覆盖率实现性别均等的评估和模型

背景/目标 提出一种方法，根据白内障负担和发病率的性别差距，确定女性与男性亚人群白内障手术率（CSR）的目标比率，以提高白内障手术覆盖率（CSC）的性别均等，并证明其申请到印度 Theni 区。方法 2016 年 1 月至 2018 年 4 月期间进行的一项基于人群的纵向研究。我们采用随机整群抽样的方式招募了 24 327 名参与者。我们对 7087 名年龄≥40 岁的参与者（4098 名女性，2989 名男性）进行了详细的眼部检查。我们将指数模型拟合到特定年龄和特定性别的白内障负担以及估计的年发病率。我们开发了一个基于电子表格的规划工具来计算女性与男性亚人群的目标企业社会责任比率。结果在年龄≥40岁的人群中，女性白内障负担率为21.4%，男性为17.5%（p<0.05）。女性 CSC 率为 73.9%，男性为 78.6% (p<0.05)，女性有效 CSC 为 52.6%，男性为 57.6% (p<0.05)。每年仅治疗白内障事件需要女性与男性亚人群的目标 CSR 比率为 1.30，而另外解决女性 10% 的覆盖积压和男性 5% 的目标 CSR 比率为 1.48。结论 与许多低收入和中等收入国家一样，Theni 地区的女性人口白内障负担较高，CSC 较低。为了提高覆盖率的性别均等，需要解决每年白内障发病率较高和女性积压较多的问题。数据可根据合理要求提供。