The coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) method implemented in Abaqus is an established tool for modelling large deformations in numerical geomechanics. As shown in previous work, it can be extended to a hydro‐mechanically coupled scheme by exploiting the similarity of the heat balance equation to the mass balance equation of fluids. However, the distinction between effective and total contact stresses has not been possible in this approach, which hinders its application to problems with interface friction as frictional stresses are calculated based on total normal contact stress. An approach to circumvent this problem is presented in this work. Its relevance is demonstrated by the simulation of vibratory pile driving model tests in water‐saturated sand. The implementation by means of user‐subroutines is available and works for any total‐stress analysis.

中文翻译：

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具有有效接触应力的流体机械耦合 CEL 分析

Abaqus 中实现的耦合欧拉-拉格朗日 (CEL) 方法是数值地质力学中大变形建模的成熟工具。如之前的工作所示，通过利用热平衡方程与流体质量平衡方程的相似性，可以将其扩展到流体机械耦合方案。然而，这种方法无法区分有效接触应力和总接触应力，这阻碍了其在界面摩擦问题中的应用，因为摩擦应力是根据总法向接触应力计算的。这项工作提出了一种规避此问题的方法。其相关性通过饱和水沙中振动打桩模型试验的模拟得到了证明。通过用户子程序的实现是可用的，并且适用于任何总应力分析。