This study examines disparities in income levels and employment status between individuals who migrate from rural areas and their siblings who remained in rural settings in Sweden for cohorts born 1960–1984. Utilizing comprehensive Swedish register data, we track the economic outcomes at age 35 or rural residents who migrated between ages 15 and 25, comparing them to non‐migrating siblings. Our analysis, employing binomial logit and log‐linear models for employment odds and income levels, respectively, reveals that while rural out‐migration generally leads to higher income, it does not significantly impact employment status. The study underscores the role of individual and family‐specific factors—such as gender and education—and broader time‐ and place‐dependent structures in mediating migration's effects. We find that income disparity between migrants and non‐migrants has increased since the 1990s and that the differences increase with the urbanization level of the destination.

中文翻译：

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在城市里过得更好吗？瑞典农村人口外流的经济后果——1960-1984 年队列兄弟姐妹研究

本研究调查了 1960 年至 1984 年出生的人群中从农村地区移民的个人与其留在瑞典农村地区的兄弟姐妹之间的收入水平和就业状况的差异。利用全面的瑞典登记数据，我们追踪了 35 岁或 15 岁至 25 岁之间迁移的农村居民的经济结果，并将他们与非迁移兄弟姐妹进行比较。我们的分析分别采用二项式对数模型和对数线性模型来计算就业几率和收入水平，结果表明，虽然农村人口外流通常会带来更高的收入，但它并不会显着影响就业状况。该研究强调了个人和家庭特定因素（例如性别和教育）以及更广泛的时间和地点依赖结构在调节移民影响中的作用。我们发现，自20世纪90年代以来，移民和非移民之间的收入差距不断扩大，并且这种差异随着目的地城市化水平的提高而扩大。