Autophagy is one of the major highly inducible degradation processes in response to plant developmental and environmental signals. In response to different stimuli, cellular materials, including proteins and organelles, can be sequestered into a double membrane autophagosome structure either selectively or non-selectively. The formation of an autophagosome as well as its delivery into the vacuole involves complex and dynamic membrane processes. The identification and characterization of the conserved autophagy-related (ATG) proteins and their related regulators have greatly advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying autophagosome biogenesis and function in plant cells. Autophagosome biogenesis is tightly regulated by the coordination of multiple ATG and non-ATG proteins, and selective cargo recruitment. This review updates our current knowledge of autophagosome biogenesis, with special emphasis on the core molecular machinery that drives autophagosome formation, and autophagosome-organelle interactions under abiotic stress conditions.

中文翻译：

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植物细胞中自噬体的生物发生和细胞器稳态

自噬是响应植物发育和环境信号的主要高度诱导降解过程之一。为了响应不同的刺激，包括蛋白质和细胞器在内的细胞物质可以选择性或​​非选择性地被隔离到双层膜自噬体结构中。自噬体的形成及其向液泡的输送涉及复杂且动态的膜过程。保守的自噬相关（ATG）蛋白及其相关调节因子的鉴定和表征极大地促进了我们对植物细胞中自噬体生物发生和功能的分子机制的理解。自噬体的生物合成受到多种 ATG 和非 ATG 蛋白的协调以及选择性货物招募的严格调控。这篇综述更新了我们目前对自噬体生物发生的认识，特别强调了驱动自噬体形成的核心分子机制，以及非生物胁迫条件下自噬体与细胞器的相互作用。