Assemblies are widely used in biomedicine, batteries, functional coatings, Pickering emulsifiers, hydrogels, and luminescent materials. Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a method for efficiently preparing particles, mainly initiated thermally. However, thermally initiated PISA usually requires a significant amount of time and energy. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of nano-assemblies with controllable morphologies and size using ultrasound (20 kHz) assisted ethanol-phase RAFT-PISA in three hours. Using poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) as the macromolecular reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer agent (PDMA-CTA) to control the nucleating monomer benzyl methacrylate (BzMA), we obtained nano-assemblies with different morphologies. With the length of hydrophobic PBzMA block growth, the morphologies of the assemblies at 15 wt% solid content changed from spheres to vesicles, and finally to lamellae; the morphologies of the assemblies at 30 wt% changed from spheres micelles to short worms, then vesicles, and finally to large compound vesicles. With the same targeted degree of polymerization, nano-assemblies having a 30 wt% solid content display a more evolved morphology. The input of ultrasonic energy makes the system have higher surface free energy, results the mass fraction interval of solventphilic blocks () corresponding to the formation of spherical micelles is expanded from > 45 % to > 31 % under ultrasound and the required to form worms, vesicles, and large composite vesicles decreases in turn. It is worth noting that the interval of worms prepared by ultrasonics assisted PISA gets larger. Overall, the highly green, externally-regulatable and fast method of ultrasonics assisted PISA can be extended to vastly different diblock copolymers, for a wide range of applications.

中文翻译：

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超声波辅助乙醇相聚合诱导自组装制备二嵌段共聚物纳米组装体


组件广泛应用于生物医学、电池、功能涂料、皮克林乳化剂、水凝胶和发光材料。聚合诱导自组装（PISA）是一种有效制备颗粒的方法，主要是通过热引发的。然而，热引发的 PISA 通常需要大量的时间和精力。在这里，我们演示了使用超声波 (20 kHz) 辅助乙醇相 RAFT-PISA 在三小时内制备具有可控形态和尺寸的纳米组件。采用聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯作为大分子可逆加成断裂链转移剂（PDMA-CTA）来控制成核单体甲基丙烯酸苄酯（BzMA），得到了不同形貌的纳米组装体。随着疏水性PBzMA块体长度的增长，固含量为15%的组装体的形貌从球体变为囊泡，最后变为片状； 30 wt% 的组装体的形态从球形胶束变为短蠕虫，然后变为囊泡，最后变为大的复合囊泡。在相同的目标聚合度下，固含量为 30 wt% 的纳米组件表现出更进化的形态。超声能量的输入使体系具有较高的表面自由能，导致球形胶束形成所对应的亲溶剂块体的质量分数区间()在超声作用下从>45%扩大到>31%，满足形成蠕虫的需要，囊泡、大复合囊泡依次减少。值得注意的是，超声辅助PISA制备的蠕虫的间隔变大。 总体而言，超声波辅助 PISA 的高度绿色、外部可调节且快速的方法可以扩展到截然不同的二嵌段共聚物，具有广泛的应用。