Brillouin microscopy, which maps the elastic modulus from the frequency shift of scattered light, has evolved to a faster speed for the investigation of rapid biomechanical changes. Impulsive stimulated Brillouin scattering (ISBS) spectroscopy has the potential to speed up measurement through the resonant amplification interaction from pulsed excitation and time-domain continuous detection. However, significant progress has not been achieved due to the limitation in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding need for excessive averaging to maintain high spectral precision. Moreover, the limited spatial resolution also hinders its application in mechanical imaging. Here, by scrutinizing the SNR model, we design a high-speed ISBS microscope through multi-parameter optimization including phase, reference power, and acquisition time. Leveraging this, with the further assistance of the Matrix Pencil method for data processing, three-dimensional mechanical images are mapped under multiple contrast mechanisms for a millimeter-scale polydimethylsiloxane pattern immersed in methanol, enabling the identification of these two transparent materials without any contact or labeling. Our experimental results demonstrate the capability to maintain high spectral precision and resolution at a sub-millisecond integration time for one pixel. With a two-order improvement in the speed and a tenfold improvement in the spatial resolution over the state-of-the-art systems, this method makes it possible for ISBS microscopes to sensitively investigate rapid mechanical changes in time and space.

中文翻译：

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高速脉冲受激布里渊显微镜

布里渊显微镜可根据散射光的频移绘制弹性模量，其速度已发展到更快，可用于研究快速的生物力学变化。脉冲受激布里渊散射 (ISBS) 光谱有可能通过脉冲激发和时域连续检测的共振放大相互作用来加速测量。然而，由于信噪比（SNR）的限制以及相应需要过度平均以保持高光谱精度，尚未取得重大进展。此外，有限的空间分辨率也阻碍了其在机械成像中的应用。在这里，通过仔细研究 SNR 模型，我们通过相位、参考功率和采集时间等多参数优化设计了高速 ISBS 显微镜。利用这一点，在矩阵铅笔方法进行数据处理的进一步协助下，在多重对比机制下，将三维机械图像映射到浸入甲醇中的毫米级聚二甲基硅氧烷图案，从而无需任何接触或接触即可识别这两种透明材料。标签。我们的实验结果证明了能够在亚毫秒积分时间内为一个像素保持高光谱精度和分辨率。与最先进的系统相比，该方法的速度提高了两个数量级，空间分辨率提高了十倍，使得 ISBS 显微镜能够灵敏地研究时间和空间上的快速机械变化。