AimTo apply high‐frequency ultrasound (HFUS) echo intensity for characterizing peri‐implant tissues at healthy and diseased sites and to investigate the possible ultrasonographic markers of health versus disease.Materials and MethodsSixty patients presenting 60 implants diagnosed as healthy (N = 30) and peri‐implantitis (N = 30) were assessed with HFUS. HFUS scans were imported into a software where first‐order greyscale outcomes [i.e., mean echo intensity (EI)] and second‐order greyscale outcomes were assessed. Other ultrasonographic outcomes of interest involved the vertical extension of the hypoechoic supracrestal area (HSA), soft‐tissue area (STA) and buccal bone dehiscence (BBD), among others.ResultsHFUS EI mean values obtained from peri‐implant soft tissue at healthy and diseased sites were 122.9 ± 19.7 and 107.9 ± 24.7 grey levels (GL); p = .02, respectively. All the diseased sites showed the appearance of an HSA that was not present in healthy implants (area under the curve = 1). The proportion of HSA/STA was 37.9% ± 14.8%. Regression analysis showed that EI of the peri‐implant soft tissue was significantly different between healthy and peri‐implantitis sites (odds ratio 0.97 [95% confidence interval: 0.94–0.99], p = .019).ConclusionsHFUS EI characterization of peri‐implant tissues shows a significant difference between healthy and diseased sites. HFUS EI and the presence/absence of an HSA may be valid diagnostic ultrasonographic markers to discriminate peri‐implant health status.

中文翻译：

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种植体部位的回声强度特征和种植体周围炎的新型超声诊断标记

目的 应用高频超声 (HFUS) 回波强度来表征健康和患病部位的种植体周围组织，并研究健康与疾病的可能超声标记。材料和方法 60 名患者的 60 个种植体被诊断为健康（氮= 30）和种植体​​周围炎（氮= 30）通过 HFUS 进行评估。将 HFUS 扫描导入软件中，评估一阶灰度结果 [即平均回波强度 (EI)] 和二阶灰度结果。其他感兴趣的超声检查结果包括低回声牙槽上区域 (HSA)、软组织区域 (STA) 和颊骨裂开 (BBD) 等的垂直延伸。病变部位灰度级为122.9±19.7和107.9±24.7（GL）；p= .02 分别。所有患病部位都显示出健康种植体中不存在的 HSA（曲线下面积 = 1）。 HSA/STA的比例为37.9%±14.8%。回归分析显示，种植体周围软组织的 EI 在健康部位和种植体周围炎部位之间存在显着差异（比值比 0.97 [95% 置信区间：0.94–0.99]，p= .019）。结论种植体周围组织的 HFUS EI 表征显示健康部位和患病部位之间存在显着差异。 HFUS EI 和 HSA 的存在/不存在可能是区分种植体周围健康状态的有效超声诊断标记。