The advent of 6G communication systems has enabled, through integrated sensing and communications (ISAC), the vision of the intelligent connection of everything. Since such ISAC systems will be utilizing the sub-6-GHz and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands, appropriate hybrid, i.e., sensing and communication channel models, are required for their proper operation. This article first presents a comprehensive survey of channel models used in ISAC applications viewed from different modeling perspectives by identifying the challenges encountered in these modeling approaches. A novel hybrid approach for ISAC channel modeling is then introduced wherein the modeling methodology is partitioned into three elements: targets, clutters, and interferences. The advantage of such a flexible modeling approach using these three elements enhances the proposed model’s ability to effectively deal with the specific sensing and communication operational requirements. Finally, further performance enhancement methods, based upon real-time 3D environment reconstruction techniques as well as artificial intelligence (AI), are proposed and discussed.

中文翻译：

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6G 集成传感和通信信道建模：挑战和机遇


6G通信系统的出现通过集成传感与通信（ISAC）实现了万物智能连接的愿景。由于此类 ISAC 系统将利用 6 GHz 以下和毫米波 (mm-wave) 频段，因此需要适当的混合模型（即传感和通信信道模型）才能正常运行。本文首先通过识别这些建模方法中遇到的挑战，从不同的建模角度对 ISAC 应用中使用的通道模型进行了全面的调查。然后介绍了一种用于 ISAC 信道建模的新颖混合方法，其中建模方法分为三个元素：目标、杂波和干扰。这种使用这三个要素的灵活建模方法的优点是增强了所提出的模型有效处理特定传感和通信操作要求的能力。最后，提出并讨论了基于实时 3D 环境重建技术和人工智能 (AI) 的进一步性能增强方法。