Patients with cirrhosis are prone to developing acute kidney injury (AKI), a complication associated with a markedly increased in-hospital morbidity and mortality, along with a risk of progression to chronic kidney disease. Whereas patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of developing any phenotype of AKI, hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), a specific form of AKI (HRS-AKI) in patients with advanced cirrhosis and ascites, carries an especially high mortality risk. Early recognition of HRS-AKI is crucial since administration of splanchnic vasoconstrictors may reverse the AKI and serve as a bridge to liver transplantation, the only curative option. In 2023, a joint meeting of the International Club of Ascites (ICA) and the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) was convened to develop new diagnostic criteria for HRS-AKI, to provide graded recommendations for the work-up, management and post-discharge follow-up of patients with cirrhosis and AKI, and to highlight priorities for further research.

中文翻译：

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肝硬化患者的急性肾损伤：急性疾病质量倡议（ADQI）和国际腹水俱乐部（ICA）联合多学科共识会议

肝硬化患者容易发生急性肾损伤（AKI），这种并发症与院内发病率和死亡率显着增加以及进展为慢性肾脏病的风险有关。尽管肝硬化患者发生 AKI 任何表型的风险增加，但肝肾综合征 (HRS)（晚期肝硬化腹水患者 AKI 的一种特殊形式 (HRS-AKI)）具有特别高的死亡风险。早期识别 HRS-AKI 至关重要，因为使用内脏血管收缩剂可能会逆转 AKI，并作为唯一治疗选择肝移植的桥梁。 2023年，国际腹水俱乐部（ICA）和急性疾病质量倡议（ADQI）召开联席会议，制定HRS-AKI新的诊断标准，为术后检查、治疗和术后处理提供分级建议。对肝硬化和 AKI 患者的出院随访，并强调进一步研究的重点。