European Union (EU) diplomatic representation in third countries is performed by both the Member States and by the EU Delegation. This hybrid system of representation functions through EU coordination. As social media have become important channels of state representation, coordination also takes place in the domain of digital diplomacy. This article analyzes how the EU Member State embassies and the EU Delegation coordinate EU representation through online and offline interactions. It investigates the practices of coordination and maps routines of digital sociability. The United States’ capital Washington, DC provides a context of both strong bilateral relations and a history of shared EU interests. The study draws on observations on Twitter (later renamed X) between 2019 and 2021 and reflections from diplomats who engage in the coordination of EU representation, collected through an online survey and interviews. By examining the reciprocity between online and offline interactions, the study illuminates how relationships are cultivated, a sense of collective belonging is fostered, and social order is negotiated. The findings enhance our understanding of how digital diplomacy is deeply embedded within diplomatic contexts and their distinctive practices. They contribute to advancing knowledge about the interplay of digital diplomacy, multilateral representation, and the dynamics that shape diplomatic engagements.

中文翻译：

---

外交代表和线上/线下互动：欧盟协调和数字社交

欧盟 (EU) 在第三国的外交代表由成员国和欧盟代表团共同执行。这种混合代表制度通过欧盟协调发挥作用。随着社交媒体成为国家代表性的重要渠道，数字外交领域也发生着协调。本文分析欧盟成员国大使馆和欧盟代表团如何通过线上和线下互动协调欧盟代表。它研究协调实践并绘制数字社交的惯例。美国首都华盛顿特区拥有牢固的双边关系和欧盟共同利益的历史。该研究借鉴了 2019 年至 2021 年 Twitter（后更名为 X）上的观察结果，以及通过在线调查和采访收集的参与欧盟代表协调的外交官的反思。通过考察线上和线下互动之间的互惠性，该研究阐明了如何培养关系、培养集体归属感以及如何协商社会秩序。这些发现增强了我们对数字外交如何深深嵌入外交背景及其独特实践的理解。它们有助于增进对数字外交、多边代表性以及塑造外交活动的动态之间相互作用的了解。