ObjectiveTo assess the re‐intervention rates of new surgical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) interventions, as the clinical durability of new surgical interventions for BPH is not widely known.MethodsA critical review of new surgical BPH therapies namely ‘UroLift®’, ‘Aquablation’, ‘Rezum’, ‘prostatic artery embolisation (PAE)’ and ‘temporary implantable nitinol device (iTIND)’ was performed on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases between May 2010 and December 2022 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) statement. All relevant articles were reviewed, and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk assessment tool and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.ResultsOf the 32 studies included, there were 10 randomised controlled trials and 22 prospective observational cohorts. A total of 2400 participants were studied with a median patient age of 66 years, a median prostate volume of 51.9 mL, and a median International Prostate Symptom Score of 22. The lowest re‐intervention rate at 12 months was for Aquablation at 0.01%, followed by Rezum at 0.02%, iTIND at 0.03%, and PAE at 0.05%. Network meta‐analysis (NMA) showed that the best‐ranked treatment at 12 months was transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), followed by Aquablation, iTIND, Rezum, and UroLift. Re‐intervention rates with these new BPH interventions are comparable, although some interventions reported better outcomes than TURP in the shorter term.ConclusionsWhile this systematic review and NMA showed that the re‐intervention rate with these new surgical BPH interventions appears to be comparable to TURP in the short term, further studies are required to directly compare these various BPH procedures.

中文翻译：

---

良性前列腺增生新手术干预措施再干预率的系统回顾和网络荟萃分析

目的评估新的良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 手术干预措施的再干预率，因为新的良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 手术干预措施的临床持久性尚未广为人知。方法对新的 BPH 手术疗法（即“UroLift®”、“Aquablation”）进行严格审查、“Rezum”、“前列腺动脉栓塞术 (PAE)”和“临时植入式镍钛诺装置 (iTIND)”于 2010 年 5 月至 2022 年 12 月期间根据系统审查的首选报告项目在 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 Embase 数据库上进行和荟萃分析（PRISMA）声明。所有相关文章均经过审查，并使用 Cochrane 风险评估工具和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。 结果纳入的 32 项研究中，有 10 项随机对照试验和 22 项前瞻性观察队列。总共 2400 名参与者接受了研究，患者中位年龄为 66 岁，中位前列腺体积为 51.9 mL，中位国际前列腺症状评分为 22。12 个月时 Aquablation 的再干预率最低，为 0.01%，其次是 Rezum 0.02%、iTIND 0.03% 和 PAE 0.05%。网络荟萃分析 (NMA) 显示，12 个月时排名最佳的治疗方法是经尿道前列腺电切术 (TURP)，其次是 Aquablation、iTIND、Rezum 和 UroLift。尽管一些干预措施在短期内报告了比 TURP 更好的结果，但这些新的 BPH 干预措施的再干预率具有可比性。结论虽然本次系统评价和 NMA 表明，这些新的手术 BPH 干预措施的再干预率似乎与 TURP 相当短期内，需要进一步研究来直接比较这些不同的良性前列腺增生手术。