Recently, low-dimensional copper(I)-based halide has been considered as a potential substitute for its lead-based counterpart due to its environmental friendliness, facile preparation and superior luminescence performance. In particular, as a representative efficient luminescent material, it shows great potential as a scintillator for X-ray detection. Herein, three organic copper(I) halide single crystals were grown by incorporating a conjugated organic cation (4-benzylpyridine, 4-bzpy) with copper(I) iodide modules. The three compounds exhibit distinct crystal structure and properties. Notably, the zero-dimensional cubane-like (4-bzpy)₄Cu₄I₄ shows a broadband emission with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (∼99.7%) and a large Stokes shift (∼216 nm). More importantly, it demonstrates an obvious X-ray response with a high light yield (∼60 948 photons per MeV) and a perfect linear relationship with the dose rate under X-ray irradiation. The highly efficient emission of (4-bzpy)₄Cu₄I₄ clusters mainly originates from the ligand-to-core charge transfer state. This work not only provides further understanding of the importance of crystal structure in the properties of organic copper(I) halides, but also facilitates the design and fabrication of high-performance X-ray scintillators.

中文翻译：

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具有[Cu4I4]立方烷单元的黄光有机卤化铜(I)单晶作为高效X射线闪烁体

近年来，低维铜（I）基卤化物由于其环境友好、易于制备和优异的发光性能而被认为是铅基卤化物的潜在替代品。特别是，作为代表性的高效发光材料，它作为X射线检测的闪烁体显示出巨大的潜力。在此，通过将共轭有机阳离子（4-苄基吡啶，4-bzpy）与碘化铜（ I ）模块结合来生长三种有机卤化铜（I）单晶。这三种化合物表现出不同的晶体结构和性质。值得注意的是，零维类立方烷(4-bzpy) ₄ Cu ₄ I ₄显示出宽带发射，具有接近一致的光致发光量子产率（~99.7%）和大斯托克斯位移（~216 nm）。更重要的是，它表现出明显的X射线响应，具有高光产额（∼60 948光子/MeV），并且在X射线照射下与剂量率具有完美的线性关系。 (4-bzpy) ₄ Cu ₄ I ₄团簇的高效发射主要源自配体到核的电荷转移态。这项工作不仅进一步了解晶体结构在有机卤化铜（I）性能中的重要性，而且有助于高性能X射线闪烁体的设计和制造。