Graphene, the first isolated two-dimensional atomic crystal, is about to pass its 20th year. The last decade has been a critical period for graphene to gradually move from the laboratory to practical applications, and the research on the spin-related physical properties and various spintronic applications of graphene is still enduring. In this review, we systematically retrospect the important and state-of-art progresses about graphene-based spintronics. First, spin–orbit coupling and various tuning means in graphene have been introduced, such as adatoms, electrical control, and the proximity effect. Second, several methods for inducing magnetism in graphene are summarized, including defect, atom doping, proximity effect, and the recently attractive twisted magic-angle. Third, graphene-based lateral and vertical spin valves are discussed, along with some emergent spin transport properties, including spin injection, scattering, and relaxation. Fourth, graphene-based spin logic circuits for spin communications and multifunctional spin logic devices are exhibited. Finally, some significant opportunities and challenges of graphene-based spintronics for the fundamental physics and practical applications in the future are briefly discussed.

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基于石墨烯的自旋电子学

石墨烯，第一个孤立的二维原子晶体，即将迎来它的第 20 个年头。近十年是石墨烯逐渐从实验室走向实际应用的关键时期，关于石墨烯自旋相关物理性质和各种自旋电子学应用的研究至今仍经久不衰。在这篇综述中，我们系统地回顾了基于石墨烯的自旋电子学的重要和最先进的进展。首先，介绍了石墨烯中的自旋轨道耦合和各种调谐手段，例如吸附原子、电控制和邻近效应。其次，总结了石墨烯中诱导磁性的几种方法，包括缺陷、原子掺杂、邻近效应和最近备受关注的扭曲魔角。第三，讨论了基于石墨烯的横向和垂直自旋阀，以及一些新兴的自旋输运特性，包括自旋注入、散射和弛豫。第四，展示了用于自旋通信的基于石墨烯的自旋逻辑电路和多功能自旋逻辑器件。最后，简要讨论了基于石墨烯的自旋电子学在未来基础物理和实际应用中的一些重大机遇和挑战。