Cardiac sarcoidosis is an infiltrative cardiomyopathy that results from granulomatous inflammation of the myocardium and may present with high-grade conduction disease, ventricular arrhythmias, and right or left ventricular dysfunction. Over the past several decades, the prevalence of cardiac sarcoidosis has increased. Definitive histological confirmation is often not possible, so clinicians frequently face uncertainty about the accuracy of diagnosis. Hence, the likelihood of cardiac sarcoidosis should be thought of as a continuum (definite, highly probable, probable, possible, low probability, unlikely) rather than in a binary fashion. Treatment should be initiated in individuals with clinical manifestations and active inflammation in a tiered approach, with corticosteroids as first-line treatment. The lack of randomized clinical trials in cardiac sarcoidosis has led to treatment decisions based on cohort studies and consensus opinions, with substantial variation observed across centers. This scientific statement is intended to guide clinical practice and to facilitate management conformity by providing a framework for the diagnosis and management of cardiac sarcoidosis.

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心脏结节病的诊断和治疗：美国心脏协会的科学声明

心脏结节病是一种浸润性心肌病，由心肌肉芽肿性炎症引起，可能表现为重度传导疾病、室性心律失常和右心室或左心室功能障碍。在过去的几十年里，心脏结节病的患病率有所增加。明确的组织学确认通常是不可能的，因此临床医生经常面临诊断准确性的不确定性。因此，心脏结节病的可能性应该被认为是一个连续体（确定的、极有可能的、很可能的、可能的、低概率的、不太可能的）而不是二元的方式。对于有临床表现和活动性炎症的个体，应采用分级方法开始治疗，以皮质类固醇作为一线治疗。由于缺乏心脏结节病的随机临床试验，导致治疗决策基于队列研究和共识意见，不同中心观察到的差异很大。该科学声明旨在通过提供心脏结节病的诊断和治疗框架来指导临床实践并促进管理一致性。