Evidence consistently demonstrated that bullying victimization was associated with problematic behaviors among adolescents. However, scant attention has been given to simultaneous comparisons of the impacts of two distinct forms of victimization, traditional bullying victimization and cyberbullying victimization. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between bullying victimization and problem behavior remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to examine the correlation between bullying victimization and problematic behaviors, as well as the mediating roles of intrapersonal emotional competence and interpersonal social competence. A sample of 26,450 adolescents with a mean age of 15.44 (SD = 0.56) across nine countries was derived from the Study on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES). Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling, comprising three key components: the measurement model, the structural model, and the bootstrapping analysis for mediating effects. Both traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization exhibited positive correlations with problematic behaviors, with cyberbullying victimization demonstrating a stronger effect. The mediating effects of intrapersonal emotional competence and interpersonal social competence were observed in the correlation between bullying victimization and problematic behaviors. This study not only contributed to our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms connecting bullying victimization and adolescent problematic behaviors, but also holds significance for policy development and practice.

中文翻译：

---

欺凌受害与问题行为之间的关系：关注内心情感能力和人际社会能力

证据一致表明，欺凌受害与青少年的问题行为有关。然而，很少有人关注传统欺凌受害和网络欺凌受害两种不同形式的受害影响的同时比较。此外，欺凌受害与问题行为之间关系的潜在机制仍未得到充分探索。本研究旨在探讨欺凌受害与问题行为之间的相关性，以及人际情感能力和人际社会能力的中介作用。社交和情感技能研究 (SSES) 抽取了九个国家 26,450 名平均年龄为 15.44 岁 (SD = 0.56) 的青少年样本。使用结构方程模型进行数据分析，包括三个关键组成部分：测量模型、结构模型和中介效应的自举分析。传统欺凌和网络欺凌受害均与问题行为呈正相关，其中网络欺凌受害表现出更强的影响。在欺凌受害与问题行为之间的相关性中观察到了人际情感能力和人际社会能力的中介作用。这项研究不仅有助于我们理解欺凌受害与青少年问题行为之间的潜在机制，而且对政策制定和实践具有重要意义。