Although the mechanical response of granular materials strongly depends on the interplay between their anisotropic internal structure (fabric) and loading direction, such coupling is not explicitly considered in existing high-cycle experimental datasets and models. High-cycle experiments on granular specimens specifically prepared with various fabric orientations are presented. It is found that the high-cycle strain accumulation behavior can change remarkably, from shakedown to ratcheting, when the fabric orientation deviates more from the loading direction. Inspired by the experimental observations, a fabric-dependent anisotropic high-cycle model is proposed, by proper recasting of an existing model formulated within Critical State Theory, into the framework of Anisotropic Critical State Theory. The model explicitly accounts for the fabric evolution, which is linked to plastic modulus, dilatancy and kinematic hardening rules. The model can quantitatively reproduce the high-cycle strain accumulation (i.e., shakedown and ratcheting) under drained conditions, as well as pre-liquefaction and post-liquefaction responses granular materials having widely ranged fabric anisotropy, densities and cyclic loading types using a unified set of constants. It exhibits a unique feature of simulating the distinct high-cycle strain accumulation and liquefaction of granular material with various fabric anisotropy, while the existing high-cycle models treat them equally. The successful reproduction of the anisotropic sand element response under high-cycle drained and undrained conditions makes it possible to perform whole life analysis of various foundations on granular soil subjected to high-cycle loading events.

中文翻译：

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具有织物演化的各向异性颗粒材料的高周期安定、棘轮和液化行为：实验和本构建模

尽管颗粒材料的机械响应很大程度上取决于其各向异性内部结构（织物）和加载方向之间的相互作用，但现有的高循环实验数据集和模型中并未明确考虑这种耦合。介绍了针对不同织物取向专门制备的颗粒样品的高循环实验。研究发现，当织物取向偏离载荷方向较多时，高周应变累积行为会发生显着变化，从安定到棘轮。受实验观察的启发，通过将临界状态理论中制定的现有模型适当重铸到各向异性临界状态理论的框架中，提出了一种依赖于织物的各向异性高循环模型。该模型明确地解释了与塑性模量、膨胀和运动硬化规则相关的织物演化。该模型可以使用统一的集合定量再现排水条件下的高周应变积累（即安定和棘轮），以及具有广泛的织物各向异性、密度和循环加载类型的颗粒材料的液化前和液化后响应常数。它具有模拟具有各种织物各向异性的颗粒材料的独特高循环应变积累和液化的独特功能，而现有的高循环模型对它们一视同仁。成功再现高周排水和不排水条件下各向异性砂单元响应，使得对遭受高周荷载事件的粒状土上的各种地基进行全寿命分析成为可能。