Proper regulation of mRNA production in the nucleus is critical for the maintenance of cellular homoeostasis during adaptation to internal and environmental cues. Over the past 25 years, it has become clear that the nuclear machineries governing gene transcription, pre-mRNA processing, pre-mRNA and mRNA decay, and mRNA export to the cytoplasm are inextricably linked to control the quality and quantity of mRNAs available for translation. More recently, an ever-expanding diversity of new mechanisms by which nuclear RNA decay factors finely tune the expression of protein-encoding genes have been uncovered. Here, we review the current understanding of how mammalian cells shape their protein-encoding potential by regulating the decay of pre-mRNAs and mRNAs in the nucleus.

细胞核中 mRNA 产生的正确调节对于在适应内部和环境线索期间维持细胞稳态至关重要。在过去的 25 年里，人们已经清楚，控制基因转录、mRNA 前体加工、mRNA 前体和 mRNA 降解以及 mRNA 输出到细胞质的核机制与控制可用于翻译的 mRNA 的质量和数量有着千丝万缕的联系。 。最近，人们发现了越来越多的新机制，核RNA衰变因子可以通过这些机制微调蛋白质编码基因的表达。在这里，我们回顾了目前对哺乳动物细胞如何通过调节细胞核中前体 mRNA 和 mRNA 的衰变来塑造其蛋白质编码潜力的理解。