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Ultrasound-assisted extractive-catalytic removal of micro-organic pollutants in liquid hydrocarbon fuels using highly active ZnO nanoparticles supported zinc-substituted phosphotungstate
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2024.03.052
Medisa Kamari , Elham Ezzatzadeh , Alireza Taheri

To produce ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), it is necessary to remove compounds such as 2-methylthiophene and 3-methylthiophene that cannot be isolated by conventional industrial methods. This paper presents, a phosphotungstate catalyst improved with zinc atoms placed on the surface of super active zinc oxide nanoparticles and is able to switch between two phases using a hydrophobic ionic liquid (transfer agent). Here, is a description of the synthesis of the α-keggin type hybrid nanocatalyst and its application for the removal of 2- methylthiophene and 3-methylthiophene. The nanocatalyst was subjected to various characterization techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Surface Area Analysis, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore size and volume analysis and Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDAX). The optimized conditions for the ultrasound-assisted extractive-catalytic oxidative desulfurization (UA-ECODS) process were determined using a statistical design, specifically the Box-Behnken design (BBD), which was proposed as a plan for designing experiments and studying the behavior of the parameters. The optimal conditions, which encompass four parameters, namely ultrasonic time, reactor temperature, amount of nanocatalyst, and oxidant concentration, are archived as 14.43 min, 40.52 °C, 86.27 mg catalyst, and 24 % HO Respectively. The results indicated that the removal efficiency was higher for 2- methylthiophene than 3-methylthiophene. The paper concludes that the UA-ECODS method utilizing the synthesized nanocatalyst is a promising and effective approach for desulfurizing of liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

中文翻译:

使用高活性 ZnO 纳米颗粒负载锌取代磷钨酸盐超声辅助萃取催化去除液态烃燃料中的微生物污染物

为了生产超低硫柴油(ULSD),需要去除传统工业方法无法分离的2-甲基噻吩和3-甲基噻吩等化合物。本文提出了一种磷钨酸盐催化剂,通过将锌原子放置在超活性氧化锌纳米粒子表面来改进,并且能够使用疏水性离子液体(转移剂)在两相之间切换。本文介绍了α-keggin型杂化纳米催化剂的合成及其在去除2-甲基噻吩和3-甲基噻吩方面的应用。对纳米催化剂进行了各种表征技术,包括傅里叶变换红外光谱仪 (FTIR)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 表面积分析、Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) 孔径和体积分析以及能量色散 X 射线分析 (EDAX)。使用统计设计,特别是 Box-Behnken 设计 (BBD) 确定了超声辅助萃取催化氧化脱硫 (UA-ECODS) 工艺的优化条件,该设计被提出作为设计实验和研究参数。最佳条件包括四个参数,即超声时间、反应器温度、纳米催化剂用量和氧化剂浓度,分别为 14.43 分钟、40.52 °C、86.27 mg 催化剂和 24% H2O。结果表明,2-甲基噻吩的去除效率高于3-甲基噻吩。本文得出的结论是,利用合成纳米催化剂的 UA-ECODS 方法是一种有前途且有效的液态烃燃料脱硫方法。
更新日期:2024-04-12
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