This article examines how sexual content creators manage their (in)visibility, as they navigate the constraints of online hyper(in)visibility. So far, research has focussed on how creators more generally attempt to enhance their visibility through social media platforms. Yet, especially for sexual content creators, platform visibility is not straightforward. These creators are hyper(in)visible: facing simultaneous risks of erasure and public scrutiny, harassment, and stigmatization. Drawing on 27 interviews with creators—online sex workers; LGBTQ+ activists; and sex educators—this research outlines the harms of hyper(in)visibility and creators’ tactics for strategic invisibility. These interviews showcase how hegemonic norms make socially marginalized content both hypervisible and invisible, as well as how these dynamics are reproduced and institutionalized on platforms. As they are transgressing hegemonic sexual norms, the interviewees discuss risks of platform surveillance, outing, doxxing, harassment, and capping. Yet, within the confines of platforms, these creators find ways to manage and resist these risks and positively engage with strategic invisibility. Taken together, the analysis shows the need to complicate the notion of creator visibility and sensitize research to how creators seek particular types of visibility, as well as strategic invisibility.

中文翻译：

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战略隐形：创作者如何管理在线超可见性的风险和限制

本文探讨了色情内容创作者在应对在线超可见性的限制时如何管理其可见性。到目前为止，研究主要集中在创作者如何更广泛地尝试通过社交媒体平台提高自己的知名度。然而，尤其是对于色情内容创作者来说，平台可见性并不简单。这些创作者是高度（不）可见的：同时面临着删除和公众监督、骚扰和污名化的风险。借鉴了对创作者——网络性工作者的 27 次采访； LGBTQ+ 活动人士；和性教育者——这项研究概述了过度可见性的危害以及创作者策略性隐形的策略。这些采访展示了霸权规范如何使社会边缘化的内容变得高度可见和不可见，以及这些动态如何在平台上再现和制度化。由于他们违反了霸权性规范，受访者讨论了平台监视、外出、人肉搜索、骚扰和封顶的风险。然而，在平台的范围内，这些创作者找到了管理和抵御这些风险的方法，并积极参与战略隐形。总而言之，分析表明需要使创作者可见性的概念复杂化，并使研究更加敏感于创作者如何寻求特定类型的可见性以及战略隐形性。