The global hydrogen demand is projected to increase from 70 million tons in 2019 to more than 200 million tons in 2030. Methane decomposition is a promising reaction for H₂ production, coupled with the synthesis of valuable carbon nanomaterials applicable in fuel cell technology, transportation fuels, and chemical synthesis. Here, we review catalytic methane decomposition, with focus on catalyst development, deactivation, reactivation, regeneration, and on economics. Catalysts include mono-, bi-, and trimetallic compounds and carbon-based compounds. Catalyst deactivation is induced by coke deposition. Despite remarkable strides in research, industrialization remains at an early stage.

全球氢需求预计将从2019年的7000万吨增加到2030年的2亿吨以上。甲烷分解是H ₂生产的一种很有前景的反应，再加上合成适用于燃料电池技术、运输燃料的有价值的碳纳米材料，和化学合成。在这里，我们回顾催化甲烷分解，重点关注催化剂开发、失活、再活化、再生和经济性。催化剂包括单金属、双金属和三金属化合物以及碳基化合物。催化剂失活是由焦炭沉积引起的。尽管研究取得了显着进展，但工业化仍处于早期阶段。