ObjectiveSelf‐focused language use has been frequently assumed to reflect narcissism; however, research indicates that the association between first‐person singular pronouns (i.e., “I‐talk”) and grandiose narcissism is negligible.MethodTo extend this literature, we progressively identify vulnerable narcissism and rumination as positive correlates of I‐talk in five studies (valid Ns = 211, 475, 1253, 289, 1113).ResultsThe first study revealed positive correlates of I‐talk suggestive of vulnerable narcissism. The second study showed more directly that vulnerable narcissism was a positive correlate but that this association was attributable to shared variance with neuroticism. The third study, a preregistered effort, replicated and extended the results of the second study. The fourth and fifth studies focused on rumination in a preregistered manner.ConclusionsAll the studies point to a clear distinction: While grandiose narcissism is negligibly related to I‐talk, vulnerable narcissism is positively related to I‐talk; moreover, rumination is a robust predictor of I‐talk. A research synthesis revealed the following constructs significantly capture I‐talk: depression (r = 0.10), neuroticism (r = 0.15), rumination (r = 0.14), and vulnerable narcissism (r = 0.12). The association between I‐talk and neuroticism was partially mediated by rumination, providing a testable candidate mechanism for neuroticism interventions.

中文翻译：

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地下笔记：寻找自我参照的顶级人格关联

目的 以自我为中心的语言使用经常被认为反映了自恋；然而，研究表明，第一人称单数代词（即“I-talk”）与浮夸自恋之间的关联可以忽略不计。方法为了扩展这一文献，我们在五项研究中逐步将脆弱的自恋和沉思确定为 I-talk 的正相关因素（有效的氮s = 211, 475, 1253, 289, 1113）。结果第一项研究揭示了 I-talk 与脆弱自恋的正相关性。第二项研究更直接地表明，脆弱的自恋是正相关的，但这种关联可归因于与神经质的共同差异。第三项研究是一项预先注册的研究，复制并扩展了第二项研究的结果。第四项和第五项研究侧重于以预先注册的方式进行沉思。结论所有研究都指出了一个明显的区别：浮夸自恋与 I-talk 的相关性可以忽略不计，而脆弱自恋与 I-talk 正相关；而脆弱自恋则与 I-talk 正相关。此外，沉思是 I-talk 的有力预测因素。一项研究综合显示，以下结构可以显着捕捉 I-talk：抑郁症（r= 0.10), 神经质 (r= 0.15），沉思（r= 0.14），以及脆弱的自恋（r= 0.12）。 I-talk 和神经质之间的关联部分是通过沉思介导的，为神经质干预提供了一个可测试的候选机制。