Prefabricated (or prefab) construction has become popular in recent years worldwide, owing to its advantages, including speed of construction, less wastage of materials, reduced labour demand, fabrication in a quality-controlled environment, and so on. Moreover, the current focus is on developing energy-efficient and sustainable buildings to reduce carbon emissions. To achieve this, prefab external wall panels that form the building envelope play a crucial role, as they maintain the indoor environment and thermal comfort and control the heating and cooling energy consumption, as well as the safety of the occupants of the buildings. Thus, the energy-efficient off-site fabricated building envelope significantly contributes to achieving net-zero targets in the construction sector set by the governments. An ideal prefabricated wall panel should be lightweight, eco-friendly, durable, fire-resistant, and easily installable. In addition, it should possess high strength, thermal resistance, and acoustic insulation. This study aims to review the most widely used external prefabricated wall panels in the building construction industry. Five types of prefab wall panels, namely, lightweight timber framed (LTF) panels, light-gauge steel-framed (LSF) panels, structural insulated panels (SIP), cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels and precast concrete sandwich panels (PCSP), which are commonly used for prefabricated building facades are reviewed with regards to their function, structural, thermal and fire performances, with an in-depth focus on the PCSPs. By reviewing the current research status and recent developments in materials, components, and structural performance of the PCSPs under various loading conditions, the current challenges and future work concerning the design of PCSPs and their applications in prefabricated construction are identified.

中文翻译：

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用于可持续建筑的预制混凝土夹芯板和其他轻质墙板：最先进的审查

近年来，预制建筑因其施工速度快、材料浪费少、劳动力需求减少、在质量受控环境中制造等优点而在全球范围内流行起来。此外，当前的重点是开发节能和可持续的建筑以减少碳排放。为了实现这一目标，构成建筑围护结构的预制外墙板发挥着至关重要的作用，因为它们可以维持室内环境和热舒适度，控制供暖和制冷能耗，以及建筑物居住者的安全。因此，节能的场外装配式建筑围护结构极大地有助于实现政府制定的建筑行业净零排放目标。理想的预制墙板应该是轻质、环保、耐用、防火且易于安装。此外，它还应具有高强度、耐热性和隔音性。本研究旨在回顾建筑行业中使用最广泛的外部预制墙板。预制墙板有五种类型，即轻质木框架（LTF）板、轻钢框架（LSF）板、结构保温板（SIP）、交叉层压木（CLT）板和预制混凝土夹芯板（PCSP） ），对预制建筑外墙常用的材料的功能、结构、热学和防火性能进行了审查，并深入关注了 PCSP。通过回顾不同荷载条件下PCSP材料、构件和结构性能的当前研究现状和最新进展，确定了PCSP设计及其在装配式建筑中应用的当前挑战和未来工作。