Exposure to low doses for short periods outside the first trimester appears to not be associated with a substantially increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders According to 2019 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 7% of women in the United States were prescribed opioids during pregnancy.1 Prescription opioid use among pregnant women with private insurance or Medicaid coverage in the US is prevalent.23 In particular, the incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome, as a result of drug withdrawal, increased by 83% from 2010 to 2017, albeit while declining by 18% between 2016 and 2020.45 However, the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children with prenatal opioid exposure remains unclear because previous studies had small sample sizes and limited follow-up periods.67 The linked study by Kang and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-077664) addressed this research gap using data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea.8 Their study cohort included 3 128 571 children and 2 299 664 mothers, further categorized into subgroups according to prescription opioid dose, duration, and …

中文翻译：

---

降低儿童产前阿片类药物暴露的风险

在妊娠早期以外的短时间内短时间接触低剂量似乎与神经精神疾病风险大幅增加无关。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心 2019 年的数据，大约 7% 的美国女性在妊娠期间服用了阿片类药物。 1 在美国，拥有私人保险或医疗补助覆盖范围的孕妇使用处方阿片类药物很普遍。23 特别是，从 2010 年到 2017 年，因停药而导致的新生儿戒断综合征的发生率增加了 83%，尽管2016 年至 2020 年间下降了 18%。45 然而，产前阿片类药物暴露儿童出现神经发育障碍的风险仍不清楚，因为之前的研究样本量较小且随访期有限。 67 Kang 及其同事进行的关联研究 (doi:10.1136/ bmj-2023-077664）利用韩国国家健康保险服务局的数据解决了这一研究空白。8 他们的研究队列包括 3 128 571 名儿童和 2 299 664 名母亲，并根据处方阿片类药物剂量、持续时间和使用情况进一步分为亚组。 ……