Ann Robinson reviews the latest research Pregnancy and childbirth can be worrying times, and the news that adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with an increased risk of dying younger will ramp up anxiety, but it also offers scope to shift the dial. This national Swedish cohort study of more than two million women found that any of five major adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm delivery, small for gestational age, pre-eclampsia, other hypertensive disorders, and gestational diabetes) was associated with increased mortality risks that remained elevated up to 46 years later. The major causes of death included cardiovascular and respiratory disorders and diabetes. Pregnancy has been called a “natural stress test” that unmasks future health risks. But are these pre-existing risks that were going to play out anyway or are they new risks? This study suggests the latter. It used co-sibling data and found that familial factors (genetic and environmental) accounted for only a small part of the effect. This suggests that all five major adverse pregnancy outcomes are independent risk factors for premature mortality. That’s a stark message for a pregnant woman to hear, but it can be framed as …

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不良妊娠结局的未来健康风险……以及其他研究

安·罗宾逊 (Ann Robinson) 评论了最新研究 怀孕和分娩可能是令人担忧的时期，而不良妊娠结局与早逝风险增加相关的消息会加剧焦虑，但它也提供了改变方向的空间。这项针对超过 200 万女性的瑞典国家队列研究发现，五种主要不良妊娠结局（早产、小于胎龄、先兆子痫、其他高血压疾病和妊娠期糖尿病）中的任何一种都与死亡风险增加相关，且死亡风险仍然很高直到46年后。死亡的主要原因包括心血管和呼吸系统疾病以及糖尿病。怀孕被称为“自然压力测试”，可以揭示未来的健康风险。但这些本来就存在的风险是无论如何都会出现的还是新的风险？这项研究表明是后者。它使用了共同兄弟姐妹的数据，发现家庭因素（遗传和环境）只占影响的一小部分。这表明所有五种主要不良妊娠结局都是过早死亡的独立危险因素。对于孕妇来说，这是一个严峻的信息，但它可以被定义为……