Plant cells need to respond to environmental stimuli and developmental signals accurately and promptly. Ubiquitylation is a reversible posttranslational modification that enables the adaptation of cellular proteostasis to internal or external factors. The different topologies of ubiquitin linkages serve as the structural basis for the ubiquitin code, which can be interpreted by ubiquitin-binding proteins or readers in specific processes. The ubiquitylation status of target proteins is regulated by ubiquitylating enzymes or writers, and deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) or erasers. DUBs can remove ubiquitin molecules from target proteins. Arabidopsis (A. thaliana) DUBs belong to seven protein families and exhibit a wide range of functions and play an important role in regulating selective protein degradation processes, including proteasomal-, endocytic-, and autophagic protein degradation. DUBs also shape the epigenetic landscape and modulate DNA damage repair processes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on DUBs in plants, their cellular functions, and the regulatory mechanisms involved in the spatiotemporal regulation of plant DUBs.

中文翻译：

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擦除标记：植物去泛素化酶在调节泛素代码中的功能

植物细胞需要准确、迅速地对环境刺激和发育信号做出反应。泛素化是一种可逆的翻译后修饰，使细胞蛋白质稳态能够适应内部或外部因素。泛素连接的不同拓扑结构是泛素代码的结构基础，可以由泛素结合蛋白或阅读器在特定过程中进行解释。靶蛋白的泛素化状态由泛素化酶或写入器以及去泛素化酶 (DUB) 或擦除器调节。 DUB 可以从靶蛋白中去除泛素分子。拟南芥 (A. thaliana) DUB 属于七个蛋白质家族，表现出广泛的功能，并在调节选择性蛋白质降解过程中发挥重要作用，包括蛋白酶体、内吞和自噬蛋白质降解。 DUB 还塑造表观遗传景观并调节 DNA 损伤修复过程。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于植物 DUB 的知识、它们的细胞功能以及植物 DUB 时空调控的调控机制。