Plants continuously remodel and degrade their organelles due to damage from their metabolic activities and environmental stressors, as well as an integral part of their cell differentiation programs. Whereas certain organelles use local hydrolytic enzymes for limited remodeling, most of pathways that control the partial or complete dismantling of organelles rely on vacuolar degradation. Specifically, selective autophagic pathways play a crucial role in recognizing and sorting plant organelle cargo for vacuolar clearance, especially under cellular stress conditions induced by factors like heat, drought, and damaging light. In these short reviews, we discuss the mechanisms that control the vacuolar degradation of chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and peroxisomes, with an emphasis on autophagy, recently discovered selective autophagy receptors for plant organelles, and crosstalk with other catabolic pathways.

中文翻译：

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植物细胞器的液泡降解

由于代谢活动和环境压力源的损害，植物不断重塑和降解其细胞器，也是细胞分化程序不可或缺的一部分。尽管某些细胞器使用局部水解酶进行有限的重塑，但大多数控制细胞器部分或完全解体的途径依赖于液泡降解。具体来说，选择性自噬途径在识别和分选植物细胞器货物以进行液泡清除方面发挥着至关重要的作用，特别是在热、干旱和有害光等因素引起的细胞应激条件下。在这些简短的综述中，我们讨论了控制叶绿体、线粒体、内质网、高尔基体和过氧化物酶体液泡降解的机制，重点是自噬、最近发现的植物细胞器的选择性自噬受体，以及与其他分解代谢途径的串扰。