Drought stress has become the primary severe threat to global agriculture production, including medicinal plants. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and environmentally friendly element silicon (Si) have emerged as effective methods in alleviating drought stress in various plants. Here, the effects of the plant endophytic G5 interaction with Si on regulating nitrogen absorption, assimilation, and metabolism pathways were investigated in the morphophysiological and gene attributes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis exposed to drought. Results showed that G5+Si application improved nitrogen absorption and assimilation by increasing the available nitrogen content in the soil, further improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency. Then, G5+Si triggered the accumulation of the major adjustment substances proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, putrescine, and chlorophyll, which played an important role in contributing to maintaining balance and energy supply in G. uralensis exposed to drought. These findings will provide new ideas for the combined application of PGPR and Si on both soil and plant systems in a drought habitat.

中文翻译：

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内生短小芽孢杆菌 G5 与硅相互作用可提高乌拉尔甘草的干旱胁迫恢复能力。通过调节氮吸收、同化和代谢途径

干旱胁迫已成为全球农业生产（包括药用植物）面临的主要严重威胁。植物促生菌（PGPB）和环保元素硅（Si）已成为缓解各种植物干旱胁迫的有效方法。在这里，我们在干旱条件下的乌拉尔甘草的形态生理和基因属性中研究了植物内生G5与Si相互作用对调节氮吸收、同化和代谢途径的影响。结果表明，施用G5+Si可以提高土壤中速效氮的含量，从而改善氮素的吸收同化，进一步提高氮素利用效率。然后，G5+Si引发了主要调节物质脯氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、腐胺和叶绿素的积累，这对于维持干旱下的乌拉尔龙的平衡和能量供应发挥了重要作用。这些发现将为 PGPR 和 Si 在干旱栖息地的土壤和植物系统上的联合应用提供新思路。