Research on psychic distance in tourism studies has mainly focused on perceived psychic distance, while little attention has been paid to psychic distance stimuli. Applying the Cultural-Administrative-Geographic-Economic (CAGE) distance framework, this study employs a gravity model framework to investigate the relationship between psychic distance stimuli and international tourist flows and the moderating role of Internet popularity in such a relationship based on information asymmetry theory. Further, this study investigates the effects of psychic distance stimuli along the cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic dimensions. The empirical analysis is based on a panel dataset of bilateral tourist flows between 56 countries from 2006 to 2019. The results indicate that psychic distance stimuli negatively impact international tourist flows, but the negative effect decreases with increasing Internet penetration rate in countries of origin. The four distance dimensions exert negative effects on bilateral tourist flows. This study also provides implications for alleviating the impact of psychic distance stimuli between countries derived by COVID-19 on international tourism in the post-pandemic era.

中文翻译：

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心理距离刺激对国际旅游流的影响：跨国分析

旅游学中的心理距离研究主要集中于感知心理距离，而对心理距离刺激的关注较少。本研究应用文化-行政-地理-经济（CAGE）距离框架，基于信息不对称理论，采用引力模型框架来探讨心理距离刺激与国际旅游流之间的关系，以及互联网普及度在这种关系中的调节作用。 。此外，本研究还调查了心理距离刺激对文化、行政、地理和经济维度的影响。实证分析基于2006年至2019年56个国家之间双边游客流的面板数据集。结果表明，心理距离刺激对国际游客流产生负面影响，但随着原籍国互联网普及率的提高，负面影响会减弱。四个距离维度对双边旅游流产生负面影响。这项研究还为减轻新冠病毒 (COVID-19) 带来的国家间心理距离刺激对后大流行时代国际旅游业的影响提供了启示。