This study presents a novel multistage expressway fast charging station (EFCS) planning problem coordinated with the dynamic regional power structure (PS) transformation. Under the prerequisite of the EFCS network's sustainable operation, network accessibility, and orderly construction, a three‐step planning method oriented to the enhancement of energy saving and emission reduction (ESER) benefits and rationalization of facility utilization is developed: (i) EV‐expanded network, (ii) multiagent‐based dynamic traffic assignment (MA‐DTA), and (iii) deployment refinement. Embedding the MA‐DTA and customized refinement strategy into the iterative planning structure enables the integration of operations and planning of the EFCS network. A numerical experiment and an empirical study in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration are conducted. It demonstrates that the method can find a high‐quality solution within acceptable computation time and is applicable to realistic large‐scale EFCS planning. The planning method can effectively play the role of economy and facility in inducing EV users' charging demands, thus enhancing the overall ESER benefits. The integration of operation and planning is proven effective in reasonably matching the supply and demand of facility service and charging loads in a full‐time period. Further, the multistage EFCS planning schemes during 2025–2045 are explored, and some insightful policy implications are revealed.

中文翻译：

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配合电力结构转型的高速公路多级充电设施规划

本研究提出了一种与动态区域电力结构（PS）转型相协调的新型多级高速公路快速充电站（EFCS）规划问题。在EFCS网络可持续运行、网络可达、有序建设的前提下，制定了以增强节能减排效益和合理化设施利用为导向的三步规划方法：扩展网络，（ii）基于多代理的动态流量分配（MA-DTA），以及（iii）部署细化。将 MA-DTA 和定制的细化策略嵌入迭代规划结构中，可以实现 EFCS 网络运营和规划的集成。在山东半岛城市群进行了数值试验和实证研究。它表明该方法可以在可接受的计算时间内找到高质量的解决方案，并且适用于现实的大规模 EFCS 规划。该规划方法可以有效发挥经济性和设施性的作用来诱导电动汽车用户的充电需求，从而提高整体ESER效益。实践证明，运营与规划一体化能够有效合理匹配全时段设施服务供需和充电负荷。此外，还探讨了 2025 年至 2045 年的多阶段 EFCS 规划方案，并揭示了一些富有洞察力的政策含义。