Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, recognized for its potential in producing solar hydrogen through clean and sustainable methods, has gained considerable interest, particularly with the utilization of semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs). This minireview focuses on recent advances in PEC hydrogen production using I–III–VI semiconductor QDs. The outstanding optical and electrical properties of I–III–VI QDs, which can be readily tuned by modifying their size, composition, and shape, along with an inherent non-toxic nature, make them highly promising for PEC applications. The performance of PEC devices using these QDs can be enhanced by various strategies, including ligand modification, defect engineering, doping, alloying, and core/shell heterostructure engineering. These approaches have notably improved the photocurrent densities for hydrogen production, achieving levels comparable to those of conventional heavy-metal-based counterparts. Finally, this review concludes by addressing the present challenges and future prospects of these QDs, underlining crucial steps for their practical applications in solar hydrogen production.

中文翻译：

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利用 I-III-VI 量子点光电化学制氢的最新进展

光电化学（PEC）水分解因其通过清洁和可持续的方法生产太阳能氢气的潜力而受到人们的广泛关注，特别是在半导体纳米晶体量子点（QD）的利用方面。本小型综述重点关注使用 I-III-VI 半导体量子点生产 PEC 氢气的最新进展。 I–III–VI 量子点具有出色的光学和电学特性，可以通过修改其尺寸、成分和形状轻松调节，并且具有固有的无毒性质，使其在 PEC 应用中极具前景。使用这些量子点的 PEC 器件的性能可以通过各种策略来增强，包括配体修饰、缺陷工程、掺杂、合金化和核/壳异质结构工程。这些方法显着提高了产氢的光电流密度，达到了与传统重金属同类产品相当的水平。最后，本综述通过解决这些量子点当前的挑战和未来前景来结束，强调了它们在太阳能制氢中实际应用的关键步骤。