Biobased fibers have demonstrated huge potential as renewable and biodegradable materials in recent years. Traditionally produced through simple spinning of natural fibers such as cotton and silk, biobased fibers have evolved significantly with modern techniques enabling large-scale production of biomass feedstocks and monomers through green solvent extraction and biotechnology processes. Various functional biobased fibers can now be manufactured using wet, electro, and melt spinning technologies, greatly advancing the development of renewable biobased and biosynthetic fibers. These fibers find widespread application across sectors such as functional textiles, biomaterials, energy storage, and wearable technologies. By providing a holistic perspective spanning resource extraction, fiber production, and end use applications, this overview aims to foster cross-disciplinary inspiration and collaboration to accelerate the utilization of biobased fibers. In the future, biobased fibers are projected to gradually replace traditional petroleum-based fibers, driving society toward a greener and more sustainable path.

近年来，生物基纤维作为可再生和可生物降解材料显示出巨大的潜力。传统上，生物基纤维是通过棉花和丝绸等天然纤维的简单纺丝生产的，随着现代技术的发展，生物基纤维已经显着发展，能够通过绿色溶剂萃取和生物技术工艺大规模生产生物质原料和单体。现在可以使用湿法纺丝、静电纺丝和熔融纺丝技术制造各种功能性生物基纤维，极大地推进了可再生生物基和生物合成纤维的发展。这些纤维广泛应用于功能性纺织品、生物材料、能源存储和可穿戴技术等领域。通过提供涵盖资源开采、纤维生产和最终用途应用的整体视角，本概述旨在促进跨学科的灵感和协作，以加速生物基纤维的利用。未来，生物基纤维预计将逐步取代传统的石油基纤维，推动社会走向更绿色、更可持续的道路。