The occurrence of seasonal algae blooms represents a huge dilemma for water resource management and has garnered widespread attention. Therefore, finding methods to control algae pollution and improve water quality is urgently needed. Moderate oxidation has emerged as a feasible way of algae-laden water treatment and is an economical and prospective strategy for controlling algae and endogenous and exogenous pollutants. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of algae-laden water treatment by moderate oxidation, particularly principles and summary of advanced strategies, as well as challenges in moderate oxidation application, is still lacking. This review outlines the properties and characterization of algae-laden water, which serve as a prerequisite for assessing the treatment efficiency of moderate oxidation. Biomass, cell viability, and organic matter are key components to assessing moderate oxidation performance. More importantly, the recent advancements in employing moderate oxidation as a treatment or pretreatment procedure were examined, and the suitability of different techniques was evaluated. Generally, moderate oxidation is more promising for improving the solid-liquid separation process by the reduction of cell surface charge (stability) and removal/degradation of the soluble algae secretions. Furthermore, this review presents an outlook on future research directions aimed at overcoming the challenges encountered by existing moderate oxidation technologies. This comprehensive examination aims to provide new and valuable insights into the moderate oxidation process.

中文翻译：

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富含藻类的水的适度氧化：原理和挑战

季节性藻华的出现给水资源管理带来了巨大的困境，引起了广泛的关注。因此，迫切需要寻找控制藻类污染和改善水质的方法。适度氧化已成为处理藻类水体的一种可行方法，是控制藻类及内源性和外源性污染物的一种经济且具有前瞻性的策略。尽管如此，对中等氧化技术处理藻类水的全面认识，尤其是先进策略的原理和总结，以及中等氧化应用中的挑战仍然缺乏。本综述概述了富含藻类的水的性质和特征，这是评估中等氧化处理效率的先决条件。生物量、细胞活力和有机物是评估中等氧化性能的关键组成部分。更重要的是，检查了采用适度氧化作为处理或预处理程序的最新进展，并评估了不同技术的适用性。一般来说，中等氧化更有希望通过减少细胞表面电荷（稳定性）和去除/降解可溶性藻类分泌物来改善固液分离过程。此外，本综述还对未来的研究方向进行了展望，旨在克服现有适度氧化技术遇到的挑战。这项全面的检查旨在为适度氧化过程提供新的、有价值的见解。