Based on a rich corpus of original mixed-methods research, this paper explores the benefits, barriers, and justice impacts of industrial decarbonization via hydrogen and carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) via European industrial firms located in UK clusters. It asks: (1) what are the technology dynamics and drivers of both hydrogen and CCUS in a real-world deployment context, including the state of deployment plans? (2) what are the possible benefits of CCUS and hydrogen deployment? (3) What are the most significant barriers and challenges facing CCUS and hydrogen implementation? (4) Who stands to “win” the most from deployment, who stands to “lose,” what possible inequitable community impacts could emerge, and what impact will deployment have on vulnerable groups? We offer answers to these four questions based on extensive semi-structured research interviews (N = 111) triangulated with site visits to industrial clusters (N = 52) as well as an extensive secondary review of the academic literature. We conclude with clear policy insights that are now prevalent across UK and European industrial clusters as well as emerging and context-specific recommendations concerning the adoption of hydrogen and CCUS to achieve net-zero industry globally.

中文翻译：

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重新配置欧洲工业以实现净零排放：对氢和碳捕获利用和储存效益以及实施挑战的定性审查

基于丰富的原始混合方法研究，本文探讨了位于英国集群的欧洲工业企业通过氢和碳捕获、利用和储存（CCUS）进行工业脱碳的好处、障碍和公正影响。它提出以下问题：(1) 在现实世界的部署环境中，氢和 CCUS 的技术动态和驱动因素是什么，包括部署计划的状态？ (2) CCUS 和氢气部署可能带来哪些好处？ (3) CCUS 和氢实施面临的最重大障碍和挑战是什么？ (4) 谁会从部署中“赢”最多，谁会“输”，可能会出现哪些不公平的社区影响，以及部署会对弱势群体产生什么影响？我们基于广泛的半结构化研究访谈 ( N = 111)、对产业集群的实地考察 ( N = 52) 以及对学术文献的广泛二次审查，为这四个问题提供了答案。最后，我们提出了目前在英国和欧洲产业集群中普遍存在的清晰的政策见解，以及有关采用氢和 CCUS 以在全球实现净零产业的新兴和针对具体情况的建议。