Due to their unique properties, noble gases are significant in various disciplines despite their relative scarcity in the Earth's atmosphere. However, capturing and purifying noble gases from gas mixtures remain challenging in gas processing and separation. Cryogenic distillation has been the most common technique for separating gases, including noble gases, from gas mixtures in industrial applications. Although this process effectively achieves high-purity separations, it is highly energy-intensive due to the extreme cooling requirements. Membrane technology is a promising alternative solution for achieving low-cost and energy-efficient separations. It enables industries to improve their sustainability, reduce operating costs, and enhance product quality. Future membrane separation methods for noble gas recovery, including helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), and xenon (Xe), will become a more prominent and sustainable alternative to traditional cryogenic distillation. This review examines the most recent progress in the development of membrane materials designed to separate noble gases over recent years, encompassing polymers, zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), porous organic cages (POCs), and 2D nanosheet membranes. This review also highlights that future developments in membrane material design and simulation, coupled with innovative process engineering, can address the existing challenges in this field and unlock the potential of membrane-based noble gas separation technologies.

中文翻译：

---

用于稀有气体回收的最新膜分离技术

由于其独特的性质，稀有气体在各个学科中都具有重要意义，尽管它们在地球大气中相对稀缺。然而，从气体混合物中捕获和纯化惰性气体在气体处理和分离中仍然具有挑战性。低温蒸馏是工业应用中从气体混合物中分离气体（包括稀有气体）的最常用技术。尽管该过程有效地实现了高纯度分离，但由于极端的冷却要求，它是高度能源密集型的。膜技术是实现低成本和节能分离的一种有前途的替代解决方案。它使各行业能够提高可持续性、降低运营成本并提高产品质量。未来用于稀有气体回收的膜分离方法，包括氦 (He)、氖 (Ne)、氩 (Ar)、氪 (Kr) 和氙 (Xe)，将成为传统低温蒸馏的更突出和可持续的替代方案。本综述探讨了近年来用于分离惰性气体的膜材料开发的最新进展，包括聚合物、沸石、金属有机框架（MOF）、多孔有机笼（POC）和二维纳米片膜。本综述还强调，膜材料设计和模拟的未来发展，加上创新的工艺工程，可以解决该领域现有的挑战，并释放基于膜的稀有气体分离技术的潜力。