Gaining insights into the kinetics and the thermodynamic limits of nanostructures in high-temperature reactions is crucial for controlling their unique morphology, phase, and structure. Nanotubes from lanthanide-based misfit-layered compounds (MLCs) have been known for more than a decade and were successfully produced mostly via a chemical vapor transport protocol. The MLC nanotubes show diverse structural arrangements and lattice disorders, which could have a salient impact on their properties. Though their structure and charge transfer properties are reasonably well understood, a lack of information on their thermodynamic and kinetic stability limits their scalable synthesis and their applicability in modern technologies. In this study, the growth, thermodynamic stability, and decomposition kinetics of lanthanide-based misfit nanotubes of two model compounds, i.e., (LaS)_1.14TaS₂ and (SmS)_1.19TaS₂ are elucidated in detail. The nanotubes were carefully analyzed via atomic resolution electron microscopy imaging and synchrotron-based X-ray and electron diffraction techniques, and the information on their morphology, phase, and structures was deduced. The key insights gained would help to establish the parameters to explore their physio-chemical properties further. Furthermore, this study sheds light on the complex issue of the high-temperature stability of nanotubes and nanostructures in general.

中文翻译：

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来自基于镧系元素的错配层状化合物的纳米管：了解生长、热力学和动力学稳定性极限

深入了解纳米结构在高温反应中的动力学和热力学极限对于控制其独特的形态、相和结构至关重要。由基于镧系元素的错配层状化合物（MLC）制成的纳米管已为人所知十多年，并且主要通过化学气相传输协议成功生产。 MLC 纳米管表现出不同的结构排列和晶格紊乱，这可能对其性能产生显着影响。尽管它们的结构和电荷转移特性已得到相当充分的了解，但缺乏有关其热力学和动力学稳定性的信息限制了它们的可扩展合成及其在现代技术中的适用性。在本研究中，详细阐明了两种模型化合物（LaS） _1.14 TaS ₂和（SmS）_1.19 TaS ₂的镧系错配纳米管的生长、热力学稳定性和分解动力学。通过原子分辨率电子显微镜成像和基于同步加速器的 X 射线和电子衍射技术对纳米管进行了仔细分析，并推断出有关其形态、相和结构的信息。获得的关键见解将有助于建立参数以进一步探索其理化特性。此外，这项研究揭示了纳米管和纳米结构高温稳定性的复杂问题。