In distributed computing, a Byzantine fault is a condition where a component behaves inconsistently, showing different symptoms to different components of the system. Consensus among the correct components can be reached by appropriately crafted communication protocols even in the presence of byzantine faults. Quantum-aided protocols built upon distributed entangled quantum states are worth considering, as they are more resilient than traditional ones. Based on earlier ideas, here we establish a parameter-dependent family of quantum-aided weak broadcast protocols. We compute upper bounds on the failure probability of the protocol, and define and illustrate a procedure that minimizes the quantum resource requirements. Following earlier work demonstrating the suitability of noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices for the study of quantum networks, we experimentally create our resource quantum state on publicly available quantum computers. Our work highlights important engineering aspects of the future deployment of quantum communication protocols with multi-qubit entangled states.

中文翻译：

---

具有四量子位单线态的量子辅助拜占庭协议的资源分析

在分布式计算中，拜占庭故障是组件行为不一致的情况，对系统的不同组件显示不同的症状。即使存在拜占庭错误，也可以通过适当设计的通信协议在正确的组件之间达成共识。基于分布式纠缠量子态构建的量子辅助协议值得考虑，因为它们比传统协议更具弹性。基于早期的想法，我们在这里建立了一个参数相关的量子辅助弱广播协议族。我们计算协议失败概率的上限，并定义和说明最小化量子资源需求的过程。继早期的工作证明了噪声中尺度量子（NISQ）设备对于量子网络研究的适用性之后，我们在公开可用的量子计算机上实验性地创建了我们的资源量子态。我们的工作强调了未来部署具有多量子位纠缠态的量子通信协议的重要工程方面。