Metal–organic self-assembly with flexible moieties is a budding field of research due to the possibility of the formation of unique architectures. Tetrazole, characterised by four nitrogen atoms in a five-member ring, exhibits immense potential as a component. Tetrazole offers four coordination sites for binding to the metal centre with nine distinct binding modes, leading to various assemblies. This review highlights different polymeric and discrete tetrazole-based assemblies and their functions. The meticulous manipulation of stoichiometry, ligands, and metal ions required for constructing discrete assemblies has also been discussed. The different applications of these architectures in separation, catalysis and detection have also been accentuated. The latter section of the review consolidates tetrazole-based cage composites, highlighting their applications in cell imaging and photocatalytic applications.

中文翻译：

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发现四唑作为构建离散和聚合物组件的构建块

由于有可能形成独特的结构，具有柔性部分的金属有机自组装是一个新兴的研究领域。四唑的特征是五元环中有四个氮原子，作为一种组分表现出巨大的潜力。四唑提供四个配位位点，以九种不同的结合模式与金属中心结合，从而产生各种组装。本综述重点介绍了不同的聚合物和离散四唑基组件及其功能。还讨论了构建离散组件所需的化学计量、配体和金属离子的精细操作。这些架构在分离、催化和检测方面的不同应用也得到了强调。综述的后一部分巩固了基于四唑的笼状复合材料，强调了它们在细胞成像和光催化应用中的应用。