Accurately detecting and localizing high-speed aircraft is significant for monitoring global flight activities, conducting searches, and performing emergency rescues. Typically, the spatial position of an air target is obtained through active communication or multi-satellite observation. Here, we propose a multimodal flight altitude inversion method using a single thermal infrared payload (SDGSAT-1 TIS). Space-based longwave thermal infrared is a passive detection method that can measure the surface thermal radiation of objects and capture radiation differences caused by flying aircraft against the background, thereby providing an opportunity for their detection and location. Considering geographic location, time, climate, and aircraft size, we establish a framework to integrate the radiation transmission model with three-spectral-band remote sensing data. This proposed framework elucidates the relationship between flight altitude and top-of-atmosphere radiance, realizing the inversion from thermal infrared remote sensing images to altitude. Validated on 100 aircraft, the proposed framework achieved an average altitude measurement accuracy of 0.508 km compared with Flightradar24. This research provides a unique solution for the all-time passive localization of air targets.

中文翻译：

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根据 SDGSAT-1 热红外数据反演多式联运飞机飞行高度


准确检测和定位高速飞行器对于监控全球飞行活动、进行搜索和执行紧急救援具有重要意义。通常，空中目标的空间位置是通过主动通信或多卫星观测获得的。在这里，我们提出了一种使用单个热红外有效载荷（SDGSAT-1 TIS）的多模式飞行高度反演方法。天基长波热红外是一种被动探测方法，可以测量物体表面热辐射，捕捉飞行中的飞机与背景产生的辐射差异，从而为其探测和定位提供机会。考虑地理位置、时间、气候和飞机尺寸，我们建立了一个将辐射传输模型与三光谱波段遥感数据集成的框架。该框架阐明了飞行高度与大气层顶部辐射率之间的关系，实现了热红外遥感图像到高度的反演。在 100 架飞机上进行了验证，与 Flightradar24 相比，所提出的框架实现了 0.508 公里的平均高度测量精度。这项研究为空中目标的全时被动定位提供了独特的解决方案。