ONOO and SO are important microenvironment parameters in organisms, the intracellular levels of ONOO and SO are abnormal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mice. Mitophagy plays a key role in maintaining mitochondrial quality and quantity, and viscosity monitoring is a crucial aspect of real-time visualization of mitophagy. Therefore, a mitochondria-targeting three-channel fluorescent probe HCPVP was first developed for the detection of ONOO/SO and viscosity. HCPVP can sensitively detect ONOO (514 nm) and SO (674 nm) change with different channels, meanwhile display turn-on fluorescence at 678 nm as the amount of glycerol increased. The fluorescence imaging of cells showed that HCPVP was able to better target mitochondria, monitor ONOO/SO changes, and visualize the mitophagy process. HCPVP has been successfully used for monitoring ONOO and SO in RA mice model, providing the early image of RA with the aid of the potential biomarkers ONOO and SO. More importantly, HCPVP could evaluate the response of the RA treatment with impressive results, which held the potential for assessing treatment and drug screening for RA.

中文翻译：

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三通道荧光探针用于实时监测线粒体自噬过程中的线粒体粘度并可视化类风湿性关节炎小鼠中的 ONOO-/SO2

ONOO和SO是生物体内重要的微环境参数，类风湿性关节炎(RA)小鼠细胞内ONOO和SO水平异常。线粒体自噬在维持线粒体质量和数量方面发挥着关键作用，而粘度监测是线粒体自噬实时可视化的一个重要方面。因此，首先开发了一种靶向线粒体的三通道荧光探针HCPVP用于ONOO/SO和粘度的检测。 HCPVP可以灵敏地检测不同通道的ONOO (514 nm)和SO (674 nm)变化，同时随着甘油量的增加，在678 nm处显示开启荧光。细胞荧光成像表明，HCPVP 能够更好地靶向线粒体、监测 ONOO/SO 变化并可视化线粒体自噬过程。 HCPVP 已成功用于监测 RA 小鼠模型中的 ONOO 和 SO，借助潜在生物标志物 ONOO 和 SO 提供 RA 的早期图像。更重要的是，HCPVP 可以评估 RA 治疗的反应，并取得令人印象深刻的结果，这具有评估 RA 治疗和药物筛选的潜力。