MotivationThe intrinsic characteristics of islands make them a unique study system for the investigation of ecological and evolutionary dynamics. The Mediterranean Basin, an island‐rich biodiversity hotspot, still lacks a comprehensive spatial database for these geographic features. This study presents the first comprehensive spatial database of all Mediterranean islands larger than 0.01 km2, aiding ecological investigations and interdisciplinary research.Main types of variable containedThe MEDIS spatial database offers detailed information on 39 geographic, climatic, ecological and land‐use variables, including island area, perimeter, isolation metrics, climatic space, terrain data, land cover, palaeogeography, road networks and geological information, providing a multifaceted view of each island's characteristics.Spatial location and grainThe study encompasses 2217 islands in the Mediterranean Basin larger than 0.01 km2. The spatial grain of the datasets on which the selected variables are based varies from 10 m (ESA WorldCover) to 1 km (CHELSA‐BIOCLIM+).Time period and grainThe spatial database incorporates data from various sources, each with its own timeframe, such as the Global Shoreline Vector from 2014 Landsat imagery and the WorldCover dataset from 2021. Historical data like the Paleocoastlines GIS dataset offer insights into island configurations during the Last Glacial Maximum.Major taxa and level of measurementWhile not focusing on specific taxa, the study lays the foundation for comprehensive research on Mediterranean islands, facilitating comparisons and investigations into the distribution of native, endemic or alien species. The level of measurement is extensive, encompassing a wide range of variables and providing polygonal features rather than centroids' coordinates.

中文翻译：

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MEDIS——用于生物地理和进化研究的地中海岛屿综合空间数据库

动机岛屿的内在特征使其成为研究生态和进化动力学的独特研究系统。地中海盆地是一个岛屿丰富的生物多样性热点地区，但仍然缺乏这些地理特征的综合空间数据库。这项研究提出了第一个涵盖所有大于 0.01 公里的地中海岛屿的综合空间数据库2，协助生态调查和跨学科研究。包含的主要变量类型MEDIS空间数据库提供39个地理、气候、生态和土地利用变量的详细信息，包括岛屿面积、周长、隔离度量、气候空间、地形数据、土地覆盖、古地理、道路网络和地质信息，提供每个岛屿特征的多方面视图。空间位置和纹理该研究涵盖地中海盆地面积大于 0.01 公里的 2217 个岛屿2。所选变量所基于的数据集的空间粒度从 10 m (ESA WorldCover) 到 1 km (CHELSA-BIOCLIM+) 不等。时间段和粒度空间数据库包含来自各种来源的数据，每个来源都有自己的时间范围，例如2014 年 Landsat 图像的全球海岸线矢量和 2021 年的 WorldCover 数据集。像古海岸线 GIS 数据集这样的历史数据可以深入了解末次盛冰期期间的岛屿配置。主要类群和测量水平虽然不关注特定类群，但该研究奠定了基础对地中海岛屿进行全面研究，促进对本地、特有或外来物种分布的比较和调查。测量的水平是广泛的，包含广泛的变量并提供多边形特征而不是质心坐标。