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Unveiling very young O stars
Astronomy & Astrophysics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 , DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449474
A. Roman-Lopes

Context. O-type stars are known to significantly contribute to both the dynamics and evolution of galaxies. Massive and luminous, they probably control and regulate the galaxies star formation rates. The stellar feedback generated by such cosmic beasts can strongly affect the local star formation rate, with effects in the current (and future) generations of low and intermediate mass stars, and possibly also in the disruption process of the galaxies’ giant gas reservoirs.Aims. For this work I performed a redetermination of the spectral types and effective temperatures of the Galactic O-type stars MSP182, MSP183, MSP199, VPHAS-01338, and VPHAS-01273.Methods. From a careful examination of the spectral features present in the blue optical spectral region, it was possible to identify several nitrogen lines usually only seen in the blue optical spectra of O2–O3 stars. From the nitrogen ionic equivalent width ratios measured in the spectra of MSP182, MSP183, MSP199, VPHAS-01338, and VPHAS-01273, and in those of standard stars of the O2–O4 spectral types, earlier spectral types and hotter effective temperature values were derived.Results. Two O2V((f*))z, together with three new O3 V stars are now firmly identified in the Westerlund 2 region. Besides RFS1 in NGC 3603, the O2 V stars found in Westerlund 2 are the only other exemplars known to date in the Milky Way. From the nitrogen equivalent width line ratios measured in the spectra of standard stars of the O2–O4 spectral types, linear relations between the N IVλ4058/N IIIλ4640 ratio and the effective temperature in the 47 000–51 000 K range were derived. Based on my spectroscopic analysis of the science targets and the use of a HRD, a mean heliocentric distance of 5 kpc to Westerlund 2 was computed, a result that is in line with the mean heliocentric distance of 5.3 ± 1.5 kpc obtained from the associated Gaia DR3 parallaxes and distances.Conclusions. The Westerlund 2 massive stars studied in this work probably share a common evolutionary process that might be representative of the evolutionary ages of a large fraction of the cluster’s O-type stellar population, which seems to be much younger than 1 Myr.

中文翻译:

揭晓非常年轻的 O 星

语境。众所周知,O 型恒星对星系的动力学和演化有显着贡献。它们质量大且发光,可能控制和调节星系恒星的形成速度。这些宇宙猛兽产生的恒星反馈可以强烈影响当地的恒星形成速率,对当前(和未来)几代低质量和中等质量恒星产生影响,也可能影响星系巨大气体储层的破坏过程。目标。在这项工作中,我重新确定了银河 O 型恒星 MSP182、MSP183、MSP199、VPHAS-01338 和 VPHAS-01273 的光谱类型和有效温度。方法。通过仔细检查蓝色光谱区域中存在的光谱特征,可以识别出通常只在 O2-O3 恒星的蓝色光谱中看到的几条氮线。从 MSP182、MSP183、MSP199、VPHAS-01338 和 VPHAS-01273 光谱以及 O2-O4 光谱类型标准星光谱中测得的氮离子当量宽度比来看,较早的光谱类型和较热的有效温度值衍生的。结果。两颗 O2V((f*))z 以及三颗新的 O3 V 星现已在 Westerlund 2 区域中被确定。除了 NGC 3603 中的 RFS1 之外,在 Westerlund 2 中发现的 O2 V 星是迄今为止在银河系中已知的仅有的其他范例。从 O2~O4 谱型标准星光谱中测得的氮当量宽度线比,可以看出 N IV λ 4058/N III λ 4640 比值与 47 000~51 000 K 范围内的有效温度之间存在线性关系:衍生的。根据我对科学目标的光谱分析和 HRD 的使用,计算出与 Westerlund 2 的平均日心距离为 5 kpc,该结果与从相关盖亚获得的平均日心距离 5.3 ± 1.5 kpc一致DR3 视差和距离。结论。这项工作中研究的 Westerlund 2 大质量恒星可能具有共同的演化过程,该过程可能代表了该星团中大部分 O 型恒星群的演化年龄,这些恒星似乎比 1 Myr 要年轻得多。
更新日期:2024-05-07
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