Purpose To investigate structure–function associations between contrast sensitivity (CS) and widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF SS-OCTA) vascular metrics across stages of non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), without diabetic macular oedema. Methods Prospective cross-sectional study in 140 eyes of 99 patients: 33 mild NPDR, 24 moderate/severe NPDR, 15 PDR, 33 diabetic without DR (DMnoDR) and 46 control eyes. Mixed-effects multivariable regression models to evaluate associations between quantitative contrast sensitivity function (Adaptive Sensory Technology) and vessel density (VD) and vessel skeletonised density (VSD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) on same-day imaging with WF SS-OCTA (Plex Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec). Results Standardised β coefficients for area under the logarithm of contrast sensitivity function curve (AULCSF) versus visual acuity (VA) at 3×3 mm scans: SCP VSD (β=0.32, p<0.001 vs −0.18, p=0.044), DCP VSD (β=0.30, p<0.001 vs −0.21, p=0.02), SCP VD (β=0.25, p=0.004 vs −0.13, p=0.129), DCP VD (β=0.26, p=0.003 vs −0.19, p=0.034). AULCSF was significantly reduced in mild NPDR (β=−0.28, p<0.001) and DMnoDR (β=−0.19, p=0.005) versus controls, while VA was not significantly different. AULCSF performed better than VA in differentiating between controls and DMnoDR (0.69 vs 0.50), controls and mild NPDR (0.76 vs 0.61) and controls and moderate/severe NPDR (0.89 vs 0.73). Conclusions DR-induced microvascular changes on OCTA are associated with larger changes on CS than in VA. CS is affected earlier than VA in the course of DR and performed better in discriminating between controls, DMnoDR and across DR stages. Data are available upon reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病视网膜病变各个阶段的宽场扫源 OCT 血管造影中定量对比敏感度与血管指标的关联

目的 研究非增殖性 (NPDR) 和增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变 (PDR) 阶段对比敏感度 (CS) 与宽场扫源光学相干断层扫描血管造影 (WF SS-OCTA) 血管指标之间的结构-功能关联，无糖尿病黄斑浮肿。方法对 99 名患者的 140 只眼进行前瞻性横断面研究：33 只轻度 NPDR、24 只中/重度 NPDR、15 只 PDR、33 只糖尿病无 DR (DMnoDR) 和 46 只对照眼。混合效应多变量回归模型，用于评估定量对比敏感度函数（自适应感觉技术）与浅毛细血管丛（SCP）和深部毛细血管丛（DCP）中的血管密度（VD）和血管骨架化密度（VSD）之间的关联使用 WF SS-OCTA（Plex Elite 9000，Carl Zeiss Meditec）进行日间成像。结果 3×3 mm 扫描时对比敏感度函数曲线对数 (AULCSF) 与视力 (VA) 下面积的标准化 β 系数：SCP VSD（β=0.32，p<0.001 vs -0.18，p=0.044），DCP VSD（β=0.30，p<0.001 vs -0.21，p=0.02），SCP VD（β=0.25，p=0.004 vs -0.13，p=0.129），DCP VD（β=0.26，p=0.003 vs -0.19） ，p=0.034）。与对照组相比，轻度 NPDR（β=-0.28，p<0.001）和 DMnoDR（β=-0.19，p=0.005）中的 AULCSF 显着降低，而 VA 没有显着差异。在区分对照和 DMnoDR（0.69 vs 0.50）、对照和轻度 NPDR（0.76 vs 0.61）以及对照和中度/重度 NPDR（0.89 vs 0.73）方面，AULCSF 的表现优于 VA。结论 与 VA 相比，DR 引起的 OCTA 微血管变化与 CS 的变化更大。在 DR 过程中，CS 比 VA 更早受到影响，并且在区分对照、DMnoDR 和跨 DR 阶段方面表现更好。数据可根据合理要求提供。