A formidable challenge to achieve the practical applications of rechargeable lithium (Li) metal batteries (RLMBs) is to suppress the uncontrollable growth of Li dendrites. One of the most effective solutions is to fabricate Li metal anodes with specific crystal plane, but still lack of a simple and high-efficient approach. Herein, a facile and controllable way for the scalable customization of polished Li metal anodes with highly preferred (110) and (200) crystallographic orientation (donating as polished Li(110) and polished Li(200), respectively) by regulating the times of accumulative roll bonding, is reported. According to the inherent characteristics of polished Li(110)/Li(200), the influence of Li atomic structure on the electrochemical performance of RLMBs is deeply elucidated by combining theoretical calculations with relative experimental proofs. In particular, a polished Li(110) crystal plane is demonstrated to induce Li⁺ uniform deposition, promoting the formation of flat and dense Li deposits. Impressively, the polished Li(110)||LiFePO₄ full cells exhibit unprecedented cycling stability with 10 000 cycles at 10 C almost without capacity degradation, indicating the great potential application prospect of such textured Li metal. More valuably, this work provides an important reference for low-cost, continued, and large-scale production of Li metal anodes with highly preferred crystal orientation through roll-to-roll manufacturability.

中文翻译：

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用于超长寿命锂金属电池的晶面可控锂金属阳极的可扩展定制

实现可充电锂（Li）金属电池（RLMB）实际应用的一个艰巨挑战是抑制锂枝晶的不可控生长。最有效的解决方案之一是制造具有特定晶面的锂金属负极，但仍缺乏简单高效的方法。在此，通过调节抛光的时间，一种简便且可控的方法可大规模定制具有高度优选的（110）和（200）晶体取向的抛光锂金属负极（分别作为抛光Li（110）和抛光Li（200））据报道，累计辊压粘合。根据抛光Li(110)/Li(200)的固有特性，结合理论计算和相关实验证明，深入阐明了Li原子结构对RLMBs电化学性能的影响。特别是，抛光的Li(110)晶面被证明可以诱导Li ⁺均匀沉积，促进平坦且致密的Li沉积物的形成。令人印象深刻的是，抛光的Li(110)||LiFePO ₄全电池表现出前所未有的循环稳定性，在10 C下循环10 000次几乎没有容量下降，表明这种织构化的锂金属具有巨大的潜在应用前景。更有价值的是，这项工作为通过卷对卷可制造性低成本、持续、大规模生产具有高度优选晶体取向的锂金属负极提供了重要参考。