A high-quality α-phase formamidinium lead triiodide (α-FAPbI₃) absorber film is crucial for obtaining perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. An antisolvent-free process exhibits attractive merits for PSC upscaling, while suffering limited solvent evaporation rate, causing substantial difficulty in the precise control of α-FAPbI₃ crystallization. In this work, we present a strategy of catalyzed crystallization (CC) of α-FAPbI₃ to achieve high performance antisolvent-free PSCs using a tricyclic alkaloid additive, colchicine (Ch). Molecular interactions and in situ analysis suggest that the varied functional groups on the tricyclic rings of Ch exhibit specific incorporations with the solvate perovskite precursor, which catalyzed direct formation of α-FAPbI₃ compared to the intermediate phase-transition with δ-FAPbI₃ and residues occurring in the common routes. Moreover, the Ch molecule in situ passivates the grain boundaries and dramatically reduces defects during CC. As a result, the PCE of the CC PSCs reaches 25.06% and the unencapsulated device maintains 83.6% of the initial PCE for more than 1500 h at 85 °C, and 87.6% after 450 h of maximum power point tracking.

中文翻译：

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三环生物碱催化α-FAPbI3结晶用于高性能无反溶剂钙钛矿太阳能电池

高质量的α相甲脒三碘化铅（α-FAPbI ₃）吸收膜对于获得具有出色的功率转换效率（PCE）和稳定性的钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）至关重要。无反溶剂工艺在PSC放大方面表现出有吸引力的优点，但溶剂蒸发速率有限，导致α-FAPbI ₃结晶的精确控制存在很大困难。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种α-FAPbI ₃的催化结晶（CC）策略，以使用三环生物碱添加剂秋水仙碱（Ch）获得高性能的无抗溶剂PSC。分子相互作用和原位分析表明，Ch 三环上的不同官能团表现出与溶剂化钙钛矿前体的特异性结合，与δ-FAPbI ₃和残基的中间相变相比，其催化直接形成α-FAPbI ₃发生在公共路线上。此外，Ch 分子原位钝化晶界并显着减少 CC 过程中的缺陷。结果，CC PSC的PCE达到25.06%，未封装的器件在85°C下超过1500小时保持初始PCE的83.6%，在最大功率点跟踪450小时后保持87.6%。